Spark-ignition engine

About: Spark-ignition engine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4352 publications have been published within this topic receiving 66550 citations.

Performance and Emissions of Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) and Gasoline Blends in a Port Fuel Injected Spark Ignition Engine

Abstract: Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE), an intermediate product in the ABE fermentation process for producing bio-butanol, is considered a promising alternative fuel because it not only preserves the advantages of oxygenated fuels which typically emit fewer pollutants, but also lowers the cost of fuel recovery for each individual component during fermentation. An experiment was conducted using a Ford single-cylinder spark-ignition (SI) research engine to investigate the potential of ABE as an SI engine fuel. Blends of pure gasoline and ABE, ranging from 0% to 80% vol. ABE, were created and the performance and emission characteristics were compared with pure gasoline as the baseline. Measurements of brake torque and exhaust gas temperature along with in-cylinder pressure traces were used to study the performance of the engine and measurements of emissions of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides were used to compare the fuels in terms of combustion byproducts. Experiments were performed at a constant engine speed and a comparison was made on the basis of similar power output (Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP)). In-cylinder pressure data showed that the peak pressure of all the blends was slightly lower than that of gasoline, except for ABE80 which showed a slightly higher and advanced peak relative to gasoline. ABE showed an increase in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC); while exhaust gas temperature and nitrogen oxide measurements show that ABE combusts at a lower peak temperature. The emissions of unburned hydrocarbons were higher compared to those of gasoline but the CO emissions were lower. Of particular interest is the combined effect of the higher laminar flame speed (LFS) and higher latent heat of vaporization of ABE fuels on the combustion process.Copyright © 2014 by ASME

PIV examination of spray-enhanced swirl flow for combustion stabilization in a spray-guided stratified-charge direct-injection spark-ignition engine

Abstract: Practical implementation of spray-guided stratified-charge direct-injection spark-ignition engines can be inhibited by combustion instability, in particular the occurrence of misfire and partial bu...

Cylinder Pressure in a Spark-Ignition Engine: A Computational Model

Abstract: both valves are open. During this period, the model used an s-curve to describe the gradual transition between exhaust pressure and intake or inlet pressure. The start of compression , which marks the end of the intake process, does not necessarily occur at the same time as the close of the intake valve (IVC). The intake valve closes after bottom center (BC) while the volume in the cylinder is decreasing. The engine speed determines the point at which the fuel/air mixture stops flowing into the cylinder. At lower revolutions per minute (rpm), the start of compression is closer to IVC; at higher speeds, it is closer to BC. An s-curve approximates the angle of the start of compression as a function of engine speed. The volume of the cylinder during intake increases as the piston descends, thereby drawing in the fuel mixture. There is little resistance to gas flow into the cylinder, which causes the pressure in the cylinder to remain relatively constant and equal to the inlet pressure. Compression. Both the intake and exhaust valves are closed during the compression stroke so that the gases can neither enter nor exit the cylinder. The piston is moving upward , so cylinder volume decreases. Pressure increases as the gas in the cylinder is compressed. Because of the high speed of the piston, the duration of compression is short and negligible heat is lost to the walls of the cylinder. Relatively little energy is dissipated due to internal friction of the gas. Overall, there is little change in entropy during compression , and the gas behavior can be described by the equation: 2 (1) This equation allowed for calculation of the cylinder pressure at any crank angle during compression based on the knowledge of initial pressure and volume, P 0 and V 0 , which determine the constant. The volume of the cylinder is a direct function of crank angle, cylinder geometries, crank radius and connecting rod length (see ref. 1). The ratio of the specific heat of the fuel at constant pressure to the specific heat at constant volume is γ; its value varies from compression to combustion to expansion. During compression, γ is approximately equal to 1.3. 3 Combustion. The combustion process was described by the McCuiston, Lavoie and Kauffman (MLK) model. 4 The mass-burn fraction, χ b , was modeled as a function of pressures and volumes: (2) where …

Cycle-to-cycle oscillations of heat release in a spark ignition engine

Abstract: Fluctuations of combustion were studied using experimental time series of internal pressure in one of four cylinders in a spark ignition engine. Employing standard statistical methods like histograms and return maps, cycle-to-cycle variations of heat release were analyzed. A substantial difference in system behavior corresponding to quality of combustion was observed with a changing spark advance angle. Examining recurrence plots for a higher spark advance angle formation of specific patterns of vertical lines characteristic to intermittent behavior was found.