Spark-ignition engine

About: Spark-ignition engine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4352 publications have been published within this topic receiving 66550 citations.

Performance and emissions assessment of n-butanol–methanol–gasoline blends as a fuel in spark-ignition engines

Abstract: The sleek of using alternatives to gasoline fuel in internal combustion engines becomes a necessity as the environmental problems of fossil fuels as well as their depleted reserves. This research presents an experimental investigation into a new blended fuel; the effects of n-butanol–methanol–gasoline fuel blends on the performance and pollutant emissions of an SI (spark-ignition) engine were examined. Four test fuels (namely 0, 3, 7 and 10 volumetric percent of n-butanol–methanol blends at equal rates, e.g., 0%, 1.5%, 3.5% and 5% for n-butanol and methanol, in gasoline) were investigated in an engine speed range of 2600–3400 r/min. In addition, the dual alcohol (methanol and n-butanol)–gasoline blends were compared with single alcohol (n-butanol)–gasoline blends (for the first time) as well as with the neat gasoline fuel in terms of performance and emissions. The experimental results showed that the addition of low content rates of n-butanol–methanol to neat gasoline adversely affects the engine performance and exhaust gas emissions as compared to the results of neat gasoline and single alcohol–gasoline blends; in particular, a reduction in engine volumetric efficiency, brake power, torque, in-cylinder pressure, exhaust gas temperature and CO2 emissions and an increase in concentrations of CO and UHC (unburned hydrocarbons) emissions were observed for the dual alcohols. However, higher rates of n-butanol–methanol blended in gasoline were observed to improve the SI engine performance parameters and emission concentration. Oppositely the higher rates of single alcohol–gasoline blends were observed to provide adverse results, e.g., higher emissions and lower performance than those of lower rates of single alcohol. Finally, dual alcohol–gasoline blends could exceed (i.e. provide higher performance and lower emissions) single alcohol–gasoline blends and pure gasoline at higher rates (>10 vol.%) in the blend and, in turn, it is recommended to be used at high rate conditions.

Alternative fuels for spark ignition engines

Abstract: Toward the end of this century the shortfall of supply below demand of the products of natural crude oil will become severe. Research is already well under way to provide alternative fuels for spark ignition engines which will be independent of natural crude oil. These include fuels from oil shales and tar sands, as well as synthetic fuels, alcohols, and gases; sources include coal, natural gas and biological origins. These fuels will cost two to three times as much in real terms as gasoline from oil does now, so an even stronger emphasis on fuel economy will be required. Most of these alternative fuels are more suited to the spark ignition engine than the compression-ignition engine, and this paper predicts that the changeover to them will cause an increase rather than a decrease in the market penetration of the spark ignition engine. It is concluded that the alternative fuel most likely to gain general acceptance is synthetic gasoline made from coal or natural gas, or in some areas from agricultural by-products.

Multi-cylinder four stroke direct injection spark ignition engine

Abstract: An engine is started by identifying a combustion chamber having a predetermined volume of air therein and being in a position past top dead center, injecting fuel into the combustion chamber, thereby providing a combustible mixture, and, igniting the mixture.