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Spatial light modulator

About: Spatial light modulator is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 9043 publications have been published within this topic receiving 130143 citations.


Papers
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01 Jan 1991
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of a ferroelectric liquid-crystal-over-singlecrystal silicon spatial light modulator (SLM) was described, with an array of 176 X 176 pixels over a clear aperture of 5.28 mm.
Abstract: The development of a ferroelectric liquid-crystal-over-single-crystal-silicon spatial light modulator is described. The reflective SLM has an array of 176 X 176 pixels over a clear aperture of 5.28 mm X 5.28 mm. Prototype devices driven from a specially designed high speed frame store have been operated at frame rates of approximately equals 1 kHz.

41 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Beam steering experiments were performed with the SLM being set both according to the conventional and the new recipe, and the results were in very good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
Abstract: The limited number of pixels and their quantized phase modulation values limit the positioning accuracy when a phase-only one dimensional spatial light modulator (SLM) is used for beam steering. Applying the straightforward recipe for finding the optimal setting of the SLM pixels, based on individually optimizing the field contribution from each pixel to the field in the steering position, the inaccuracy can be a significant fraction of the diffraction limited spot size. This is especially true in the vicinity of certain steering angles where precise positioning is particularly difficult. However, by including in the optimization of the SLM setting an extra degree of freedom, we show that the steering accuracy can be drastically improved by a factor proportional to the number of pixels in the SLM. The extra degree of freedom is a global phase offset of all the SLM pixels which takes on a different value for each steering angle. Beam steering experiments were performed with the SLM being set both according to the conventional and the new recipe, and the results were in very good agreement with the theoretical predictions.

41 citations

Patent
18 Aug 1994
TL;DR: In this article, a method and device for controlling the bias voltages for a split-reset spatial light modulator is presented, where each block can be individually controlled lowering the throughput needed to load each frame of data.
Abstract: of EP0658868A method and device for controlling the bias voltages for a split-reset spatial light modulator. Each block of the spatial light modulator can be individually controlled lowering the throughput needed to load each frame of data. Blocks are selected individually or in groups with the potential of providing one voltage condition on the selected blocks and a different voltage condition on the deselected blocks. One embodiment of the disclosed method comprises input latches and buffers 44, address decode logic 46 to determine the selected blocks, mode select logic 48 to determine the requested operation, delay circuitry 50 to minimize current loading, and level shifters 52 to convert logic signals to voltage levels appropriate to control the output drive circuitry 54.

41 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
24 Aug 2012-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: A microscope module that utilises a digital micromirror device as a spatial light modulator to provide programmable confocal optical sectioning with a single camera, at high spatial and axial resolution at speeds limited by the frame rate of the camera is reported.
Abstract: Confocal microscopy is routinely used for high-resolution fluorescence imaging of biological specimens. Most standard confocal systems scan a laser across a specimen and collect emitted light passing through a single pinhole to produce an optical section of the sample. Sequential scanning on a point-by-point basis limits the speed of image acquisition and even the fastest commercial instruments struggle to resolve the temporal dynamics of rapid cellular events such as calcium signals. Various approaches have been introduced that increase the speed of confocal imaging. Nipkov disk microscopes, for example, use arrays of pinholes or slits on a spinning disk to achieve parallel scanning which significantly increases the speed of acquisition. Here we report the development of a microscope module that utilises a digital micromirror device as a spatial light modulator to provide programmable confocal optical sectioning with a single camera, at high spatial and axial resolution at speeds limited by the frame rate of the camera. The digital micromirror acts as a solid state Nipkov disk but with the added ability to change the pinholes size and separation and to control the light intensity on a mirror-by-mirror basis. The use of an arrangement of concave and convex mirrors in the emission pathway instead of lenses overcomes the astigmatism inherent with DMD devices, increases light collection efficiency and ensures image collection is achromatic so that images are perfectly aligned at different wavelengths. Combined with non-laser light sources, this allows low cost, high-speed, multi-wavelength image acquisition without the need for complex wavelength-dependent image alignment. The micromirror can also be used for programmable illumination allowing spatially defined photoactivation of fluorescent proteins. We demonstrate the use of this system for high-speed calcium imaging using both a single wavelength calcium indicator and a genetically encoded, ratiometric, calcium sensor.

41 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
18 Nov 2016
TL;DR: In this article, an all solid-state metamaterial based terahertz (THz) spatial light modulator (SLM) is presented, which uses high mobility 2DEG to manipulate the METAMAMELOR resonant frequency (0.45 THz) leading to wave modulation.
Abstract: An all solid-state metamaterial based terahertz (THz) spatial light modulator (SLM) is presented which uses high mobility 2DEG to manipulate the metamaterial resonant frequency (0.45 THz) leading to terahertz wave modulation. The 2DEG is created by embedding pseudomorphic high-electron mobility transistors in the capacitive gap of each electrical-LC resonator, allowing the charge density to be controlled with very low voltage (1 V) and modulating speeds up to 10 MHz while consuming sub-milliwatt power. We have demonstrated our SLM as a 2 × 2 pixel array operating around 0.45 THz by raster scanning a 6 × 6 image of an occluded metal object behind a thick polystyrene screen using a single-pixel THz imaging setup.

41 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023137
2022321
2021266
2020451
2019460
2018452