Showing papers on "Special relativity (alternative formulations) published in 2008"
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: In this paper, a set of lectures for the Current Developments in Mathematics conference, Harvard, November 22, 2008, are described, along with a discussion of the current state of mathematics.
Abstract: These notes accompany a set of lectures for the Current Developments in Mathematics conference, Harvard, November 22, 2008.
107 citations
01 Dec 2008
TL;DR: This is the chapter on general relativity for the Cambridge Companion to Einstein which I am co-editing with Christoph Lehner as discussed by the authors, and it is based on the paper "General Relation and General Relation: A Review".
Abstract: This is the chapter on general relativity for the Cambridge Companion to Einstein which I am co-editing with Christoph Lehner.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that if Yang's quantized space-time model is completed at both classical and quantum level, it should contain both Snyder's model, the de Sitter special relativity and their duality.
38 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of a non-vanishing value for the cosmological constant in the scenario of Lorentz symmetry breaking were explored and observable consequences were pointed out.
Abstract: The effects of a nonvanishing value for the cosmological constant in the scenario of Lorentz symmetry breaking recently proposed by Cohen and Glashow (which they denote as very special relativity) are explored and observable consequences are pointed out.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the same authors investigated in detail what the restrictions on the physical quantities just mentioned are, if they are to be reproduced by rather simple classical models of the electron within the framework of Special Relativity.
Abstract: In December 1924 Wolfgang Pauli proposed the idea of an inner degree of freedom of the electron, which he insisted should be thought of as genuinely quantum mechanical in nature. Shortly thereafter Ralph Kronig and, independently, Samuel Goudsmit and George Uhlenbeck took up a less radical stance by suggesting that this degree of freedom somehow corresponded to an inner rotational motion, though it was unclear from the very beginning how literal one was actually supposed to take this picture, since it was immediately recognised (already by Goudsmit and Uhlenbeck) that it would very likely lead to serious problems with Special Relativity if the model were to reproduce the electron's values for mass, charge, angular momentum, and magnetic moment. However, probably due to the then overwhelming impression that classical concepts were generally insufficient for the proper description of microscopic phenomena, a more detailed reasoning was never given. In this contribution I shall investigate in some detail what the restrictions on the physical quantities just mentioned are, if they are to be reproduced by rather simple classical models of the electron within the framework of Special Relativity. It turns out that surface stresses play a decisive role and that the question of whether a classical model for the electron does indeed contradict Special Relativity can only be answered on the basis of an exact solution, which has hitherto not been given.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the generalization of Doubly Special Relativity to a curved de Sitter background and construct a model exhibiting a duality for the interchange of positions and momenta together with the exchange of $\alpha$ and $\kappa$.
Abstract: We discuss the generalization of Doubly Special Relativity to a curved de Sitter background. The model has three observer-independent scales, the velocity of light $c$, the radius of curvature of the geometry $\alpha$, and the Planck energy $\kappa$, and can be realized in a noncommutative position space. It is possible to construct a model exhibiting a duality for the interchange of positions and momenta together with the exchange of $\alpha$ and $\kappa$.
24 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determine the Lorentz transformations and the kinematic content and dynamical framework of special relativity as purely an extension of Galileo's thoughts, and they conclude that the theories of relativity are logically independent of any properties of light.
Abstract: We determine the Lorentz transformations and the kinematic content and dynamical framework of special relativity as purely an extension of Galileo's thoughts. No reference to light is ever required: The theories of relativity are logically independent of any properties of light. The thoughts of Galileo are fully realized in a system of Lorentz transformations with a parameter 1/c^2, some undetermined, universal constant of nature; and are realizable in no other. Isotropy of space plays a deep and pivotal role in all of this, since here three-dimensional space appears at first blush, and persists until the conclusion: Relativity can never correctly be fully developed in just one spatial dimension.
20 citations
20 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the empirical formula proposed by J. D. Anderson et al. to reproduce the data on the Earth flyby anomalies is derived from special relativity (SR), and the transverse Doppler shift together with the addition of velocities account for the Dopperler data.
Abstract: The empirical formula proposed by J. D. Anderson et al. [1] to reproduce the data on the Earth flyby anomalies is derived from special relativity (SR). The transverse Doppler shift together with the addition of velocities account for the Doppler data. Time dilation together with the addition of velocities account for the ranging data.
Book•
01 Dec 2008
TL;DR: The Tully-Fisher law is obtained directly from the theory, and thus it is found that there is no necessity to assume the existence of dark matter in the halo of galaxies, nor in galaxy clusters as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: This book describes Carmeli's cosmological general and special relativity theory, along with Einstein's general and special relativity. These theories are discussed in the context of Moshe Carmeli's original research, in which velocity is introduced as an additional independent dimension. Four- and five-dimensional spaces are considered, and the five-dimensional braneworld theory is presented. The Tully–Fisher law is obtained directly from the theory, and thus it is found that there is no necessity to assume the existence of dark matter in the halo of galaxies, nor in galaxy clusters.The book gives the derivation of the Lorentz transformation, which is used in both Einstein's special relativity and Carmeli's cosmological special relativity theory. The text also provides the mathematical theory of curved spacetime geometry, which is necessary to describe both Einstein's general relativity and Carmeli's cosmological general relativity. A comparison between the dynamical and kinematic aspects of the expansion of the universe is made. Comparison is also made between the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker theory and the Carmeli theory. And neither is it necessary to assume the existence of dark matter to correctly describe the expansion of the cosmos.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: This article argued that special relativity is neither paradoxical nor correct (in the absolute sense of the nineteenth century) but the most natural and expected description of the real space-time around us valid for all practical purposes.
Abstract: Special relativity is no longer a new revolutionary theory but a firmly established cornerstone of modern physics. The teaching of special relativity, however, still follows its presentation as it unfolded historically, trying to convince the audience of this teaching that Newtonian physics is natural but incorrect and special relativity is its paradoxical but correct amendment. I argue in this article in favor of logical instead of historical trend in teaching of relativity and that special relativity is neither paradoxical nor correct (in the absolute sense of the nineteenth century) but the most natural and expected description of the real space-time around us valid for all practical purposes. This last circumstance constitutes a profound mystery of modern physics better known as the cosmological constant problem.
TL;DR: In this article, it is discussed whether some of the consistency problems of present-day physics could be solved by replacing special relativity, whose underlying kinematics is ruled by the Poincare' group, by de Sitter relativity, with underlying KG rules by the De Sitter group.
Abstract: It is discussed whether some of the consistency problems of present-day physics could be solved by replacing special relativity, whose underlying kinematics is ruled by the Poincare' group, by de Sitter relativity, with underlying kinematics ruled by the de Sitter group. In contrast to ordinary special relativity, which seems to fail at the Planck scale, this new relativity is "universal" in the sense that it holds at all energy scales.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was discussed whether some of the consistency problems of present day physics could be solved by replacing special relativity, whose underlying kinematics is ruled by the Poincare group, with de Sitter relativity, which is a universal version of special relativity.
Abstract: It is discussed whether some of the consistency problems of present day physics could be solved by replacing special relativity, whose underlying kinematics is ruled by the Poincare group, with de Sitter relativity, whose underlying kinematics is ruled by the de Sitter group. In contrast to ordinary special relativity, which seems to fail at the Planck scale, this new relativity is "universal," in the sense that it holds at all energy scales.
TL;DR: In this article, the generation method developed by Newman et al. which creates from spherically symmetric solutions of the field equations by a complex coordinate transformation axisymmetric solutions is extended to five-dimensional relativity.
Abstract: The generation method developed by Newman et al. which creates from spherically symmetric solutions of the field equations by a complex coordinate transformation axisymmetric solutions is extended to five-dimensional relativity.
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: Morris et al. as mentioned in this paper introduced the concept of traversable wormholes, which are hyperspace tunnels through spacetime connecting either remote regions within our universe or two different universes; they even connect different dimensions and different times.
Abstract: IT was nearly two decades ago when science fiction media (TV, film, and novels) began to adopt traversable wormholes, and more recently “stargates,” for interstellar travel schemes that allowed their heroes to travel throughout our galaxy. In 1985 physicists M. Morris and K. Thorne at CalTech discovered the principle of traversable wormholes based on Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity published in 1915. Morris and Thorne [1] and Morris et al. [2] did this as an academic exercise and in the form of problems for a physics final exam, at the request of Carl Sagan who had then completed the draft of his novel Contact. This little exercise led to a continuous line of insights and publications in general relativity research, i.e., the study of traversable wormholes and time machines. Wormholes are hyperspace tunnels through spacetime connecting either remote regions within our universe or two different universes; they even connect different dimensions and different times. Space travelers would enter one side of the tunnel and exit out the other, passing through the throat along the way. The travelers would move through the wormhole at c, where c is the speed of light (3 10 m/s) and therefore not violate Special Relativity, but external observers would view the travelers as having traversed multi-light-year distances through space at faster-thanlight (FTL) speed. A “stargate” was shown to be a very simple special class of traversable wormhole solutions to Einstein’s general relativistic field equation [3,4].
TL;DR: The behaviour and the mechanism of the propagation of light are not at the foundations of special relativity, and the axiom of the constancy of the speed of light is quite unnecessary.
Abstract: Special relativity derives directly from the principle of relativity and from Newton's laws of motion with a single undetermined parameter, which is found from Faraday's and Ampere's experimental work and from Maxwell's own introduction of the displacement current to be the − c −2 term in the Lorentz transformations. The axiom of the constancy of the speed of light is quite unnecessary. The behaviour and the mechanism of the propagation of light are not at the foundations of special relativity.
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: In this article, the origin of inertia is explained without violating Einstein's two postulates that form the basis for Special Relativity, and the relativistic momentum becomes a property of curved spacetime during acceleration, and Newton's second law of motion is derived from a line element in General Relativity.
Abstract: A proposed theory explains the origin of Inertia without violating Einstein’s two postulates that form the basis for Special Relativity. The new model agrees with observational aspects of Special Relativity and is compatible with General Relativity. The relativistic momentum becomes a property of curved spacetime during acceleration, and Newton’s second law of motion is derived from a line-element in General Relativity. The new model unambiguously resolves the Twin Paradox, since aging always progresses at the same pace, and it admits an absolute temporal reference.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed basic hypotheses and viewpoints of space-time relationship in special relativity; analyzes derivation processes and the mistakes in the Lorentz transformation and Einstein's original paper.
Abstract: Abstract: All experiments show that the speed of light relative to its source measured in vacuum is constant. Einstein interpreted this fact such that any ray of light moves in the “stationary” system with a fixed velocity c, whether the ray is emitted by a stationary or by a moving body, and established special relativity accordingly. This paper reviews basic hypotheses and viewpoints of space-time relationship in special relativity; analyzes derivation processes and the mistakes in the Lorentz transformation and Einstein’s original paper. The transformation between two coordinate systems moving uniformly relative to one another is established. It is shown that special relativity based upon the Lorentz transformation is not correct, and that the relative speed between two objects can be faster than the speed of light. © 2008 Physics Essays Publication. DOI: 10.4006/1.3006345
TL;DR: In particular, Reidel as mentioned in this paper argues that any objection to Special Relativity has been undermined by the discovery of the almost isotropic expansion of the universe, which provides us with the Cosmic Clock.
Abstract: Who's Afraid of Special Relativity? Too many philosophers who shouldn't be. In particular presentists and Growing Block theorists tend to prefer alternatives. The presentist William Craig [Craig, W.L., 2001. Time and the Metaphysics of Relativity. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht], for instance, holds a neo-Lorentzian position, and the Growing Block theorist Michael Tooley [Tooley, M., 1997. Time Tense and Causation. Clarendon Press, Oxford] endorses Winnie's theory. I, however, follow Richard Swinburne [Swinburne, R., 1983. Verificationism and theories of space-time. In: Swinburne, R. (Ed.), Space, Time, and Causality. D. Reidel, Dordrecht, pp. 63–78] in holding that whatever objection could once have been based on Special Relativity has been undermined by the discovery of the almost isotropic expansion of the Universe, which provides us with the Cosmic Clock. Neither Presentism nor the Growing Block nor Storrs McCall's falling branches theory [McCall, S., 1994. A Model of the Universe. Oxford University Press, Oxford] are, I say, threatened by Special Relativity, but the Newtonian thesis of a uniform rate of the passage of Time has to be modified.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The most important effects of special and general theory of relativity can be understood in a simple and straightforward way as discussed by the authors, and the system of units in which the speed of light $c$ is the unit of velocity allows to cast all formulas in a very simple form.
Abstract: It is shown that the most important effects of special and general theory of relativity can be understood in a simple and straightforward way. The system of units in which the speed of light $c$ is the unit of velocity allows to cast all formulas in a very simple form.The Pythagorean theorem graphically relates energy, momentum and mass. The paper is addressed to those who teach and popularize the theory of relativity.
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this paper, the fundamental ideas of special relativity in a complex vector-based language that is the natural generalization of the Gibbs-Heaviside vector algebra of 3-dimensional space are examined.
Abstract: Special relativity is one of the monumental achievements of physics of the 20thCentury. Whereas Einstein used a coordinate based approach [1], which ob-scures important geometric aspects of this fundamental theory, many coordinatefree geometric languages have since been developed. In [2], D. Hestenes showedhow the ideas of special relativity can be elegantly expressed in space-time al-gebra. The purpose of this paper is to examine the fundamental ideas of specialrelativity in a complex vector-based language that is the natural generalizationof the Gibbs-Heaviside vector algebra of 3-dimensional space [3].
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this paper, a submission to the 1st FQXi essay contest was made, which corrects some minor oversights in original article, and the submission was accepted by the winner.
Abstract: updated version of original submission to 1st FQXi essay contest which corrects some minor oversights in original article
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived the value of the electron mass from the space-time geometry via the experimental knowledge of the parameter of local Lorentz invariance breakdown, and of the Minkowskian threshold energy for the electromagnetic interaction.
Abstract: Deformed Special Relativity (DSR) is a generalization of Special Relativity based on a deformed Minkowski space, i.e. a fourdimensional space-time with metric coefficients depending on the energy. We show that, in the DSR framework, it is possible to derive the value of the electron mass from the space-time geometry via the experimental knowledge of the parameter of local Lorentz invariance breakdown, and of the Minkowskian threshold energy E0,em for the electromagnetic interaction.
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the Doppler effect between equally accelerated light source and observer under the special relativity was described, and the proper accelerations were constant and parallel with respect to the observer.
Abstract: We describe the Doppler effect between equally accelerated light source and observer under the special relativity. The proper accelerations are constant and parallel. An English version is available by request.
- - - - - - - - - - -
Ni priskribas luman Doppleran efikon inter same akcelataj fonto kaj observanto ^ce special-relativeco. La propraj akceloj estas konstantaj kaj paralelaj.