Topic
Speckle noise
About: Speckle noise is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8335 publications have been published within this topic receiving 129656 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: A model for the radar imaging process is derived and a method for smoothing noisy radar images is presented and it is shown that the filter can be easily implemented in the spatial domain and is computationally efficient.
Abstract: Standard image processing techniques which are used to enhance noncoherent optically produced images are not applicable to radar images due to the coherent nature of the radar imaging process. A model for the radar imaging process is derived in this paper and a method for smoothing noisy radar images is also presented. The imaging model shows that the radar image is corrupted by multiplicative noise. The model leads to the functional form of an optimum (minimum MSE) filter for smoothing radar images. By using locally estimated parameter values the filter is made adaptive so that it provides minimum MSE estimates inside homogeneous areas of an image while preserving the edge structure. It is shown that the filter can be easily implemented in the spatial domain and is computationally efficient. The performance of the adaptive filter is compared (qualitatively and quantitatively) with several standard filters using real and simulated radar images.
1,906 citations
TL;DR: This paper provides the derivation of speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion (SRAD), a diffusion method tailored to ultrasonic and radar imaging applications, and validates the new algorithm using both synthetic and real linear scan ultrasonic imagery of the carotid artery.
Abstract: This paper provides the derivation of speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion (SRAD), a diffusion method tailored to ultrasonic and radar imaging applications. SRAD is the edge-sensitive diffusion for speckled images, in the same way that conventional anisotropic diffusion is the edge-sensitive diffusion for images corrupted with additive noise. We first show that the Lee and Frost filters can be cast as partial differential equations, and then we derive SRAD by allowing edge-sensitive anisotropic diffusion within this context. Just as the Lee (1980, 1981, 1986) and Frost (1982) filters utilize the coefficient of variation in adaptive filtering, SRAD exploits the instantaneous coefficient of variation, which is shown to be a function of the local gradient magnitude and Laplacian operators. We validate the new algorithm using both synthetic and real linear scan ultrasonic imagery of the carotid artery. We also demonstrate the algorithm performance with real SAR data. The performance measures obtained by means of computer simulation of carotid artery images are compared with three existing speckle reduction schemes. In the presence of speckle noise, speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion excels over the traditional speckle removal filters and over the conventional anisotropic diffusion method in terms of mean preservation, variance reduction, and edge localization.
1,816 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived autocorrelation functions and power spectra derived from B-scans of a scattering phantom containing many scatterers per resolution cell, leading naturally to the definition of the average speckle spot or cell sue, and this inturn is comparable to the resolution cell.
Abstract: the of the magnitude, i.e., intensity, of the field.) It is shown that Rayleigh statistics govern the fist-order behavior of the magnitude; and the autocorrelation of the resulting image speckle is obtained by the methodof Middleton. The corresponding power spectrum follows immediately by Fourier transformation. Theoretical and experimentally determined autocorrelation functions and power spectra derived from B-scans of a scattering phantom containing many scatterers per resolution cell are presented. These functions lead naturally to the definition of the average speckle spot or cell sue, and this inturn is comparable to the resolution cell. Each independent speckle servesas a degreeof freedom that determines the number of samples of tissue available over a target.As the speckle cell size decreases this number increases in a manner predictable from the physical parameters of the cell size. However, it is found that the speckle cellis broadened, the degrees of freedom diminished, when the object structureis correlated. This yields the possibilityof deducing information about the object structure from the second-order statistics of the speckle texture, in addition to that obtainable from the fiistorder statistics.
1,449 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1975
TL;DR: Dainty et al. as mentioned in this paper described statistical properties of laser speckle patterns and proposed a method to reduce the number of sparseness of the laser beam in Partially Coherent Light (PCL).
Abstract: Contents: Dainty, J. C.: Introduction. - Goodman, J. W.: Statistical Properties of Laser Speckle Patterns. - Parry, G.: Speckle Patterns in Partially Coherent Light. - McKechnie, T. S.: Speckle Reduction. - Francon, M.: Information Processing Using Speckle Patterns. - Ennos, A. E.: Speckle Interferometry. - Dainty, J. C.: Stellar Speckle Interferometry. - Dainty, J. C.: Recent Developments. - Subject Index.
1,254 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed an acquisition strategy and reduction pipeline for speckle attenuation and high contrast imaging is demonstrated to significantly get better detection limits with longer integration times at all angular separations.
Abstract: Angular differential imaging is a high-contrast imaging technique that reduces speckle noise from quasi-static optical aberrations and facilitates the detection of faint nearby companions. A sequence of images is acquired with an altitude/azimuth telescope, the instrument rotator being turned off. This keeps the instrument and telescope optics aligned, stabilizes the instrumental PSF and allows the field of view to rotate with respect to the instrument. For each image, a reference PSF obtained from other images of the sequence is subtracted. All residual images are then rotated to align the field and are median combined. Observed performances are reported for Gemini Altair/NIRI data. Inside the speckle dominated region of the PSF, it is shown that quasi-static PSF noise can be reduced by a factor {approx}5 for each image subtraction. The combination of all residuals then provides an additional gain of the order of the square root of the total number of images acquired. To our knowledge, this is the first time an acquisition strategy and reduction pipeline designed for speckle attenuation and high contrast imaging is demonstrated to significantly get better detection limits with longer integration times at all angular separations. A PSF noise attenuation of 100 was achieved from 2-hourmore » long sequences of images of Vega, reaching a 5-sigma contrast of 20 magnitudes for separations greater than 7''. This technique can be used with currently available instruments to search for {approx} 1 M{sub Jup} exoplanets with orbits of radii between 50 and 300 AU around nearby young stars. The possibility of combining the technique with other high-contrast imaging methods is briefly discussed.« less
1,182 citations