Showing papers on "Sperm motility published in 1969"

Cervical mucus penetration by human spermatozoa treated with anti-spermatozoal antibodies from rabbit and man.

Abstract: The effect on cervical mucus penetration by treatment of spermatozoa in normal ejaculates from 1 donor with different volumes of rabbit antiserum against seminal plasma seminal spermatozoa spermatocele spermatozoa and with serum from men with different levels of sperm antibodies was studied. Samples from 6 other men were also treated with antiseminal plasma serum and with serum containing sperm antibodies. The untreated spermatozoa and that treated with control sera showed normal penetration and unimpaired motility. Antisera against seminal plasma seminal spermatozoa and spermatocele spermatozoa had immobilizing and agglutinating activity and caused a reduction of penetration. Samples from the 6 different donors treated with rabbit antiserum or patient serum were affected but the penetration of those with high percentages of motile spermatozoa and rapid sperm motility was less reduced. It is concluded that antibodies against human spermatozoa and seminal fluid cause reduction of the cervical mucus-penetrating ability of spermatozoa with the degree dependent on antibody concentration and intrinsic properties of the spermatozoa.

Cervical factor in infertility.

Abstract: Survival of ejaculated spermatozoa within the vagina has been shown to be significantly related to the receptivity of cervical mucus. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate 3 factors operating in the process of sperm migration: 1) sperm motility; 2) condition of cervical mucus; 3) proteolytic activity of spermatozoa and seminal plasma. The most favorable pH for sperm migration is between 8.25 and 8.50. Studies of cyclic changes in human cervical mucus indicate that the preovulatory secretion which is a watery alkaline acellular mucus with low surface tension is most receptive to sperm penetration. Cervical mucoids are easily hydrolyzed by proteolytic enzymes such as trypsin or chymotrypsin and the existence of these enzymes in sperm cells and seminal plasma may be an important factor in migration through relatively viscous mucus. The following clinical methods have been found to improve the receptivity of cervical mucus: 1) antibiotic and/or shallow conization treatment of endocervicitis; 2) low-dosage estrogen therapy from day 5 to day 15 of a normal menstrual cycle; 3) high-dosage estrogen therapy from day 5 to day 25 of the menstrual cycle (often combined with oral progestogens during the last 5-6 days); 4) 1 to 2 month treatment with sequential oral contraceptives. If mucoid treatment fails intrauterine insemination of 1/2 ml of semen from the first part of a split ejaculate is recommended though some women respond with severe contractions.

Components of the sterility induced in late-stage male pupae of the sugarcane gray borer, Eucosma schistaceana (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae), with gamma radiation.

Abstract: Various components of sterility induced in adult male Eucosma schistaccana Snellen with 25 and 35 kR gamma radiation from CO60 can be determined by analyzing the female moths to which they are mated. These analyses are based on the transfer of a spermatophore, the presence of sperm in the spermatheca, sperm motility, and the various stages in which lethals occur in fertilized eggs. Thirteen different responses have been differentiated when adult moths of both sexes were caged together for 2 days, followed by egg deposition of each female moth for 3 days before dissection. It was determined from this analysis of sterility that 10.2% is due to failure of the irradiated males to mate in the 35-kR treatment, 4.8% results from failure of males to transfer sperm, 14.9% is the result of sperm inactivation, 18.9% is from the effect of dominant lethal mutations that cause early embryonic death, and 46.7% of the sterility is from dominant lethal mutations expressed as late embryonic death. Similar results have been found to be true for males receiving 25 kR.