Topic
Sperm motility
About: Sperm motility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13874 publications have been published within this topic receiving 416587 citations. The topic is also known as: sperm movement & GO:0097722.
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TL;DR: This review examines the emerging significance of sperm–oviduct interactions, as they relate to both physiological functions and the likelihood that the oviduct has a role in post‐copulatory sperm selection by females (cryptic female choice) under conditions of sperm competition.
Abstract: The fallopian tube, or oviduct, is no longer considered merely a conduit that joins the uterine horns and the ovaries, being recognised as a venue for the capacitation of spermatozoa and fertilisation. However, recent evidence has implicated the oviduct in the stringent selection of spermatozoa prior to fertilisation, sperm storage prior to fertilisation, the regulation of sperm motility and possibly the guidance of spermatozoa towards the egg. Moreover, the arrival of spermatozoa within the oviduct is now known to regulate gene expression in oviductal epithelial cells with the consequent up- and downregulation of various proteins. In this review, we examine the emerging significance of sperm–oviduct interactions, as they relate to both physiological functions and the likelihood that the oviduct has a role in post-copulatory sperm selection by females (cryptic female choice) under conditions of sperm competition. The mechanisms by which sperm selection might operate still remain a mystery, especially when the underlying rationale for such mechanism appears to require the recognition by the female tract of sperm qualities related to the intrinsic integrity and information content of the sperm DNA. The oviduct not only selects against spermatozoa containing fragmented DNA but also imposes selection related to the fitness or quality of individual males. This implies the existence of, as yet unrecognised, mechanisms for the detection and interpretation of sperm-surface markers that link phenotypic and genotypic qualities of each individual cell. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77:934–943, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
127 citations
TL;DR: The relationship of zinc to morphologic, physiologic, and metabolic functions in the male reproductive system are summarized, and gaps in current understanding are pointed out.
126 citations
TL;DR: The data show that sperm DD negatively correlates with standard semen parameters and that an isolated abnormality of sperm DD, a marker of sperm DNA integrity, is uncommon in infertile men.
126 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that oxidative phosphorylation does contribute some ATP for human sperm motility, but not enough to sustain high motility.
Abstract: The combination of laser tweezers, fluorescent imaging, and real-time automated tracking and trapping (RATTS) can measure sperm swimming speed and swimming force simultaneously with mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). This approach is used to study the roles of two sources of ATP in sperm motility: oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the mitochondria located in the sperm midpiece and glycolysis, which occurs along the length of the sperm tail (flagellum). The relationships between (a) swimming speed and MMP and (b) swimming force and MMP are studied in dog and human sperm. The effects of glucose, oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors and glycolytic inhibitors on human sperm motility are examined. The results indicate that oxidative phosphorylation does contribute some ATP for human sperm motility, but not enough to sustain high motility. The glycolytic pathway is shown to be a primary source of energy for human sperm motility.
126 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that seminal plasma zinc is an unreliable marker of spermatogenic activity and their role in the assessment of sperm function must therefore be called into question.
Abstract: Attempts to correlate zinc and fructose concentrations in seminal plasma with andrological parameters have produced inconsistent results. To assess further this relationship, a prospective study was performed measuring zinc and fructose concentrations in seminal plasma in 1178 patients referred for fertility treatment. Seminal analysis was performed with biochemical measurements of seminal zinc and fructose. The main outcome measures were the correlation between motile sperm concentration and seminal zinc and fructose concentrations. Zinc concentrations were not influenced by the motile sperm concentration (r = 0.039). Fructose concentrations were found to be negatively correlated with motile sperm concentration (r = 0.062). We conclude that seminal plasma zinc is an unreliable marker of spermatogenic activity. While there does appear to be a negative correlation between seminal plasma fructose concentrations and motile sperm concentration this relationship is far from linear. Due to the biochemical complexity of seminal fluid attempts to perform such simple correlations between seminal plasma components and andrological parameters are likely to produce inconsistent results and their role in the assessment of sperm function must therefore be called into question.
126 citations