Topic
Sperm motility
About: Sperm motility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13874 publications have been published within this topic receiving 416587 citations. The topic is also known as: sperm movement & GO:0097722.
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TL;DR: The differential roles played by sperm components in normal fertilization and early embryo development are reviewed and how assisted reproductive technologies have modified concepts on the prognostic significance of sperm pathologies affecting the head, neck, mid-piece and tail are explored.
Abstract: This article presents an update on the variable prognostic significance of different sperm pathologies in patients with severe male factor infertility due to morphology and motility disorders. Severe asthenozoospermia is one of the leading causes of male infertility as spermatozoa cannot reach the oocyte and/or penetrate normally. Identifying structural causes of sperm immotility was of great concern before the advent of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), because immotility was the limiting factor in the treatment of these patients. In these cases, in vitro methods are used to identify live spermatozoa or stimulate sperm motility to avoid selection of non-viable cells. With these advances, fertilization and pregnancy results have improved dramatically. The identification of genetic phenotypes in asthenozoospermia is important to adequately inform patients of treatment outcomes and risks. The one sperm characteristic that seriously affects fertility prognosis is teratozoospermia, primarily sperm head and neck anomalies. Defects of chromatin condensation and acrosomal hypoplasia are the two most common abnormalities in severe teratozoospermia. The introduction of microscopic methods to select spermatozoa and the development of new ones to evaluate sperm quality before ICSI will assure that ultrastructural identification of sperm pathologies will not only be of academic interest, but will also be an essential tool to inform treatment choice. Herein, we review the differential roles played by sperm components in normal fertilization and early embryo development and explore how assisted reproductive technologies have modified our concepts on the prognostic significance of sperm pathologies affecting the head, neck, mid-piece and tail.
115 citations
TL;DR: Cat oocytenuclear maturation in vitro is depressed during August-October, and the ability to form cleaved embryos remains low even when the capacity to achieve nuclear maturation is relatively high (November-January and May-July), while male cats are capable of consistently producing viable, progressively motile sperm throughout the year.
Abstract: Ovaries and testes were collected throughout the year from domestic cats spayed and neutered at local veterinary clinics. Fresh oocytes recovered from minced ovaries were subjected to in vitro maturation and then stained to determine stage of maturation or were inseminated with conspecific sperm. The cauda and corpus regions of each epididymis were dissected into pieces and placed in medium; 30 min later, the epididymal tissue was removed, the medium centrifuged, and the sperm pellet resuspended. Samples were assessed for total sperm count and sperm motility traits, morphology, acrosomal integrity, and ability to penetrate cat oocytes in vitro. Fewer excellent (grade I) oocytes were recovered per ovarian pair during September‐November (mean 6 SEM, 19.2 6 2.1%) than during January‐July (36.8 6 3.6%, p , 0.05), while the remaining months had intermediate percentages of grade I oocytes (p . 0.05). A high percentage of oocytes recovered from November‐April completed nuclear maturation (64.3 6 6.8%), which was different (p , 0.05) from the values for May‐July (32.2 6 3.8%) and August‐October (10.4 6 2.9%). Percentage of oocytes with bound sperm was lowest (p , 0.01) in September and October (32.0 6 3.1%) compared to February and March (91.4 6 1.7%). Percentage of oocytes with sperm within the perivitelline space was highest (p , 0.05) in May‐August (33.8 6 4.6%) compared to all other months. In contrast, the period of highest (p , 0.01) fertilization (i.e., $ 4-cell embryo formation) was March‐April (51.7 6 3.1%) as compared to May‐July (17.2 6 1.8%) or November‐January (12.4 6 2.6%). Negligible numbers of oocytes recovered during August‐October developed beyond the 2-cell stage (1.1 6 0.3%). Blastocyst development from cleaved embryos was highest during February‐April (44.3 6 2.3%) and lowest during August‐October (0.6 6 0.1%; p , 0.01). Sperm recovered from the epididymides throughout the year did not differ (p . 0.05) in concentration or in any of the motility, structural, or functional variables evaluated. In summary, cat oocyte nuclear maturation in vitro is depressed during August‐October, and the ability to form cleaved embryos remains low even when the capacity to achieve nuclear maturation is relatively high (November‐January and May‐July). In contrast, male cats are capable of consistently producing viable, progressively motile sperm throughout the year.
115 citations
TL;DR: The results showed that the oxidative stress of MC-LR might lead to cytotoxicity, which may play an important role in cell apoptosis, which could reduce the production of testosterone in Leydig cells and result in reproductive toxicity.
114 citations
TL;DR: Sperm motility, assessed just after collection in terms of arbitrary motility scores from 0 to 5, was significantly increased both at 10 and 60 s post-activation, for samples collected 18 days after, 25 days before and 9 days after the beginning of the spawning period of the females, respectively.
Abstract: The deleterious effect of the ageing phenomenon of turbot spermatozoa was investigated in relation to the sampling date. Spermatozoa with a low or highly condensed chromatin and a middle piece containing numerous or a few vesicles were observed simultaneously 80 and 47 days before the beginning of the spawning period of the females. The middle piece of spermatozoa contained few vesicles, 39 days after the end of the reproductive period. At the same date, some spermatozoa appeared in which the plasma membrane was broken. Sperm motility, assessed just after collection in terms of arbitrary motility scores from 0 to 5, was significantly increased both at 10 and 60 s post-activation, for samples collected 18 days after, 25 days before and 9 days after the beginning of the spawning period of the females, respectively compared to samples collected 6 days before, 55 days after and 88 days after the end of this period. A lower short-term storage capacity was recorded at 10 and 60 s post-activation for sperm samples collected 6 days before and 88 days after the end of the reproductive period, respectively compared to 18 days and 9 days after the beginning of the spawning period. At 60 s post-activation, a higher motility of thawed spermatozoa was observed for samples collected 5 days before the beginning of the spawning period (motility recovery index: 86.4 ± 19.4%) compared to 71 days after the end of this period (55.0 ± 12.0%). The fertilizing capacity of sperm samples collected 61 days after the end of the spawning season (66.1 ± 14.6%) was significantly lower than that recorded for samples collected 34 days after the beginning of the spawning period (75.2±9.6%). On the contrary, there was no significant decrease in endogenous ATP content (31 days after the beginning of the spawning period, 14.53 ± 0.84; 48 days after the end of this period, 10.75 ± 5.26 nmol 10− 8 spermatozoa). Furthermore, sperm concentration significantly increased between the same dates (respectively 3.3 ± 0.8–9.4±4.8×109 spermatozoa ml−1).
114 citations
TL;DR: Assessment of acrosomes may be of clinical value for predicting the fertility of men with poor sperm morphology, and was the only significant factor related to fertilization rate in the logistic regression analysis.
114 citations