Topic
Sperm motility
About: Sperm motility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13874 publications have been published within this topic receiving 416587 citations. The topic is also known as: sperm movement & GO:0097722.
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TL;DR: The development of Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) systems made possible the estimation of a higher number of sperm motion parameters using an objective, sensitive and accurate technique, and the development of ASMA software has introduced a new approach for sperm evaluation studies.
113 citations
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TL;DR: When immotile spermatozoa are incubated with the seminal plasma or in physiological saline solution they behave similarly as regards utilization of their primary energy reserves: glycolysis as well as catabolism of triglycerides occurs.
Abstract: Spermatozoa of Oncorhynchus mykiss have the enzymatic capacity for glycolysis, for triglyceride and phospholipid catabolism and triglyceride synthesis. They lack glucosidase activity and are therefore not able to utilize polysaccharides as energy resources. In motile spermatozoa glycolysis occurs during the first 30 s of motility and--when motility is initiated in a physiological saline solution--triglyceride catabolism is used for the regeneration of ATP levels after motility has ended. When immotile spermatozoa are incubated with the seminal plasma or in physiological saline solution they behave similarly as regards utilization of their primary energy reserves: glycolysis as well as catabolism of triglycerides occurs. In approximately 60% of the semen samples, spermatozoa synthesize triglycerides at the onset of incubation. Possible physiological reasons for triglyceride synthesis have been discussed.
113 citations
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TL;DR: The in vitro fertilization results demonstrated that hybrid mouse spermatozoa frozen with sugars were more fertile than those frozen with glycols, and showed that the simple exposure (prefreeze) to sugars was less harmful than the exposure to gly cols.
113 citations
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TL;DR: Pharmacological stimulation of sperm motility may increase yields but, for in vitro fertilization (IVF), such spermatozoa must be used to inseminate oocytes as soon as possible after exposure to the stimulant, although after its removal.
Abstract: Because seminal plasma contains factors that inhibit the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa, it is essential that spermatozoa be separated from it quickly and efficiently. Although the success of a sperm preparation method is often assessed by the yield of motile spermatozoa, the choice of a method also depends on its technical complexity, the materials and apparatus required and time costs. Any exposure of spermatozoa during preparation to factors that may cause iatrogenic sperm dysfunction must obviously be avoided. Consequently, methods involving centrifugal washing prior to the selection of motile spermatozoa should be avoided. Direct swim-up from semen is the simplest way to obtain highly motile sperm populations and can be a very rapid procedure with normal semen samples. Two-layer discontinuous Percoll gradients give excellent yields when the lower layer contains 81% (v/v) Percoll. However, for severely asthenozoospermic cases the results can be disappointing and a Nycodenz gradient may be better, although the 'mini-Percoll' technique might be useful if special care is taken to protect the spermatozoa from damage induced by free radicals. In such cases the migration-sedimentation approach can also be successful. Abnormal samples, especially those with increased viscosity, may benefit from prior dilution with culture medium, or even chymotrypsin-induced liquefaction, before density gradient centrifugation. Finally, pharmacological stimulation of sperm motility may increase yields but, for in vitro fertilization (IVF), such spermatozoa must be used to inseminate oocytes as soon as possible after exposure to the stimulant, although after its removal.
113 citations
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TL;DR: An intimate linkage between HFD-induced microbiota dysbiosis and defect in spermatogenesis with elevated endotoxin, dysregulation of testicular gene expression and localised epididymal inflammation as the potential causes is revealed.
Abstract: Objective High-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic disorders can lead to impaired sperm production. We aim to investigate if HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis can functionally influence spermatogenesis and sperm motility. Design Faecal microbes derived from the HFD-fed or normal diet (ND)-fed male mice were transplanted to the mice maintained on ND. The gut microbes, sperm count and motility were analysed. Human faecal/semen/blood samples were collected to assess microbiota, sperm quality and endotoxin. Results Transplantation of the HFD gut microbes into the ND-maintained (HFD-FMT) mice resulted in a significant decrease in spermatogenesis and sperm motility, whereas similar transplantation with the microbes from the ND-fed mice failed to do so. Analysis of the microbiota showed a profound increase in genus Bacteroides and Prevotella, both of which likely contributed to the metabolic endotoxaemia in the HFD-FMT mice. Interestingly, the gut microbes from clinical subjects revealed a strong negative correlation between the abundance of Bacteroides-Prevotella and sperm motility, and a positive correlation between blood endotoxin and Bacteroides abundance. Transplantation with HFD microbes also led to intestinal infiltration of T cells and macrophages as well as a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the epididymis, suggesting that epididymal inflammation have likely contributed to the impairment of sperm motility. RNA-sequencing revealed significant reduction in the expression of those genes involved in gamete meiosis and testicular mitochondrial functions in the HFD-FMT mice. Conclusion We revealed an intimate linkage between HFD-induced microbiota dysbiosis and defect in spermatogenesis with elevated endotoxin, dysregulation of testicular gene expression and localised epididymal inflammation as the potential causes. Trial registration number NCT03634644.
113 citations