Topic
Sperm motility
About: Sperm motility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13874 publications have been published within this topic receiving 416587 citations. The topic is also known as: sperm movement & GO:0097722.
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TL;DR: It is suggested that proteasomes modulate the activity of outer arm dynein by regulating cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of the 22 kDa dyne in light chain.
Abstract: Proteasomes are involved in ATP-dependent regulation of sperm motility in salmonid fish. We have demonstrated here by immunoelectron microscopy that proteasomes are located at the structure of the chum salmon sperm flagellum that attaches at the base of the outer arm dynein and extends toward the plasma membrane. Furthermore, substrates and inhibitors of proteasome inhibit the cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of a 22 kDa axonemal protein in chum salmon sperm. The 22 kDa phosphoprotein was solubilized by treatment of the axoneme with a high salt solution and subsequent sucrose density gradient centrifugation of the extract revealed that it cosedimented with 19 S outer arm dynein, indicating that it is a dynein light chain. These results suggest that proteasomes modulate the activity of outer arm dynein by regulating cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of the 22 kDa dynein light chain.
111 citations
TL;DR: EYT extender supplemented with fructose at a concentration of 70 mM was found to be the best of the tested extenders for long-term preservation of chilled canine semen.
111 citations
TL;DR: Two methods of density gradient centrifugation, Percoll and mini-Percoll, were compared with the swim-up technique for preparing spermatozoa from each of 40 abnormal semen samples and it was concluded that P and MP are not superior to Swim-up.
Abstract: Two methods of density gradient centrifugation, Percoll (P) and mini-Percoll (MP), were compared with the swim-up technique for preparing spermatozoa from each of 40 abnormal semen samples. P and MP produced similar results with a mean recovery of spermatozoa with progressive motility which was significantly higher (18-19%) than that achieved with swim-up (5%). However, the swim-up method resulted in the recovery of spermatozoa with a higher mean motility (89 versus 58%), velocity (69 versus 56 microns/s), percentage with normal morphology (22 versus 16%) and intact acrosomes (61 versus 36%) than P and MP. The mean amplitude of lateral head displacement was the only characteristic of spermatozoa in semen which correlated with the recoveries of motile spermatozoa. Combining MP and swim-up methods for 10 samples produced a higher recovery (11 versus 6.9%) of spermatozoa with significantly better mean motility (94 versus 87%) than did swim-up alone. Although P and MP resulted in greater yields of motile spermatozoa than the swim-up preparation, the latter procedure selected higher proportions of spermatozoa with improved characteristics (velocity, intact acrosomes and normal morphology) which correlate with fertilization rates in vitro. It is concluded that P and MP are not superior to swim-up. However, sequential MP and swim-up preparation improves yields of high quality spermatozoa from some abnormal semen samples and therefore has potential for improving fertilization rates.
111 citations
TL;DR: Nuclear maturity level was improved by both methods but Percoll gradient separation generally resulted in spermatozoa with better nuclear maturity than those selected by the swim-up procedure.
Abstract: The selection of motile human spermatozoa, from fertile and infertile semen samples was compared by using Percoll density gradient centrifugation or the swim-up procedure. Selected spermatozoa were evaluated according to their motility, % normal forms, nuclear maturity (aniline blue staining, acridine orange staining, ethidium bromide uptake and SDS nuclear decondensation). These methods showed differences between fertile and infertile men. The swim-up procedure, based on motility, resulted in greater proportions of motile spermatozoa and eliminated mainly tail abnormalities. Percoll gradient separation, based on density, selected oval-headed spermatozoa with good motility. Nuclear maturity level was improved by both methods but Percoll gradient separation generally resulted in spermatozoa with better nuclear maturity than those selected by the swim-up procedure.
111 citations
TL;DR: The hypo-osmotic swelling test score is significantly lower in samples from men whose partners have had unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions, the first study to identify a male factor component in recurrent miscarriage.
111 citations