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Sperm motility

About: Sperm motility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13874 publications have been published within this topic receiving 416587 citations. The topic is also known as: sperm movement & GO:0097722.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is clear that ions and osmolality stimulate the motility of spermatozoa by changes in the properties of the plasma membrane including its potential and its ionic conductance.
Abstract: Sperm motility is a prerequisite factor determining semen quality and fertilizing capacity. The effects of environmental factors including pH, cations and osmolality as well as the role of dilution rate on sperm motility parameters in Acipenser persicus were studied. The best pH and dilution rate for activation of spermatozoa were pH 8.0 and dilution ratio 1:50. Ionic factors can stimulate the initiation of sperm activation. The maximum percentage of motile sperm and total duration of sperm motility were observed in solutions containing 25 mM NaCl, 0.2 mM KCl, 3 mM CaSO4, 10 mM MgSO4 and sucrose with an osmolality of 50 mosmol kg(-1). The present study provides us with some basic knowledge about sturgeon spermatozoa biosensitivity to ionic and osmolality effects. A sensitivity of A. persicus sperm was observed after induction of activation of sperm motility in solution containing cations or sucrose with high osmolality. Concentrations more than 50 mM Na+, more than 1 mM K+, more than 3 mM Ca2+ and more than 10 mM Mg2+ had negative effects on sperm motility. Also, osmolality more than 100 mosmol kg(-1) had an inhibitory effect. It is clear that ions and osmolality stimulate the motility of spermatozoa by changes in the properties of the plasma membrane including its potential and its ionic conductance. The inhibitory role of high osmolality of the swimming medium (more than 100 mosmol kg(-1)) and insufficient osmolality of the seminal plasma to inhibit semen motility suggested that osmolality is not the principal factor preventing sperm motility in seminal fluid but that K+ is a major inhibitory factor of sperm motility in seminal plasma.

105 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Sperm mobility phenotype was dependent on mitochondrial function, which in turn was altered by genetic selection, and it is proposed that variation in sperm mobility phenotype stems from the extent to which glutamate induces excessive mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake before ejaculation.
Abstract: Previously, inheritance of sperm mobility entailed a maternal additive genetic effect, and sperm ATP content was correlated (r = 0.80) with phenotype. The present study was conducted to determine if mitochondrial function was critical to phenotypic expression. Whereas phenotype was independent of mitochondrial helix length, phenotype was correlated with sperm oxygen consumption (r = 0.83) using random-bred roosters. Aberrant mitochondria characterized immobile sperm, as evidenced by transmission-electron microscopy. Such mitochondria were swollen and contained disorganized cristae. Additional experiments were performed with roosters from lines selected for low or high sperm mobility. A threefold difference in sperm oxygen consumption was observed between lines. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were observed in mitochondrial DNA by sequencing replicate mitochondrial genomes from each line. An A-to-G substitution in the gene encoding tRNA(Arg) was inherited consistently, as evidenced by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using two male and two female progeny per family group and 14 family groups per line. Motile concentration in semen from low-line males was half that observed in semen from high-line males, as evidenced by computer-assisted sperm motion analysis. Likewise, 47% of sperm from low-line males contained aberrant mitochondria, compared to 4% for high-line males. In summary, sperm mobility phenotype was dependent on mitochondrial function, which in turn was altered by genetic selection. Fowl deferent duct fluid contains a high concentration of glutamate. We propose that variation in sperm mobility phenotype stems from the extent to which glutamate induces excessive mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake before ejaculation.

105 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The aim of this study was to determine the direct effects of alcohol on sperm motility and morphology in vitro.
Abstract: Excessive alcohol consumption has been associated with impaired reproductive function by causing the inhibition of penile tumescence and ejaculatory capability. Alcohol intoxication has also been implicated in impaired spermatogenesis and an increase in sperm structural anomalies. The aim of this study was to determine the direct effects of alcohol on sperm motility and morphology in vitro. Semen samples from 67 subjects were prepared using density centrifugation. Ethanol was added, at concentrations in serum equivalent to social, moderate and heavy drinking, to the medium in which the spermatozoa were cultured. Sperm motility was assessed using computer assisted semen analysis and morphology was assessed by Tygerberg strict criteria after 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min exposure. Each concentration of ethanol produced significant decreases in the percentage progressive motility, straight line velocity and curvilinear velocity. The amplitude of lateral head displacement was also depressed by 300 and 500 mg dL-1 of ethanol. A significant decrease in the number of spermatozoa with normal morphology and an increase in irreversible tail defects were observed after exposure to 300 mg dL-1 ethanol. When alcohol is added directly to sperm, at concentrations equivalent to those in serum after moderate and heavy drinking, damaging effects are observed in both sperm motility and morphology.

105 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that acceptable fertility can be obtained with Androhep extended boars semen exposed to temperatures as low as 12 degrees C for up to 60-h, and that cold shock appears to occur in vitro when extended boar semen is exposed to storage temperatures below 12 degreesC.

105 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated in humans, the absence of PLCZ1 alone is sufficient to prevent oocyte activation irrespective of the presence of PAWP, and the first mutation located in the C2 domain of P LCZ1, a domain involved in targeting proteins to cell membranes is shown, opening the door to structure-function studies.
Abstract: In mammals, sperm-oocyte fusion initiates Ca(2+) oscillations leading to a series of events called oocyte activation, which is the first stage of embryo development. Ca(2+) signaling is elicited by the delivery of an oocyte-activating factor by the sperm. A sperm-specific phospholipase C (PLCZ1) has emerged as the likely candidate to induce oocyte activation. Recently, PAWP, a sperm-born tryptophan domain-binding protein coded by WBP2NL, was proposed to serve the same purpose. Here, we studied two infertile brothers exhibiting normal sperm morphology but complete fertilization failure after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Whole exomic sequencing evidenced a missense homozygous mutation in PLCZ1, c.1465A>T; p.Ile489Phe, converting Ile 489 into Phe. We showed the mutation is deleterious, leading to the absence of the protein in sperm, mislocalization of the protein when injected in mouse GV and MII oocytes, highly abnormal Ca(2+) transients and early embryonic arrest. Altogether these alterations are consistent with our patients' sperm inability to induce oocyte activation and initiate embryo development. In contrast, no deleterious variants were identified in WBP2NL and PAWP presented normal expression and localization. Overall we demonstrate in humans, the absence of PLCZ1 alone is sufficient to prevent oocyte activation irrespective of the presence of PAWP. Additionally, it is the first mutation located in the C2 domain of PLCZ1, a domain involved in targeting proteins to cell membranes. This opens the door to structure-function studies to identify the conserved amino acids of the C2 domain that regulate the targeting of PLCZ1 and its selectivity for its lipid substrate(s).

105 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023383
2022912
2021582
2020616
2019552
2018576