Topic
Sperm motility
About: Sperm motility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13874 publications have been published within this topic receiving 416587 citations. The topic is also known as: sperm movement & GO:0097722.
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TL;DR: It is concluded that the intracellular Ca2+ store is the part of RNE that contains enlarged cisternae and thatCa2+ is released directly to the axoneme to trigger hyperactivated motility without the active participation of mitochondria.
Abstract: Hyperactivated sperm motility is usually characterized by high-amplitude flagellar bends and asymmetrical flagellar beating. There is evidence that an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor-gated Ca2+ store in the base of the flagellum provides Ca2+ to initiate hyperactivation; however, the identity of the store was not known. Ca2+ stores are membrane-bounded organelles, and the only two membrane-bounded organelles found in this region of sperm are the redundant nuclear envelope (RNE) and mitochondria. Transmission electron micrographs revealed two different compartments of RNE, one enriched with nuclear pores and the other containing few pores but extensive membranous structures with enlarged cisternae. Immunolabeling showed that IP3 receptors and calreticulin are located in the region containing enlarged cisternae. In other cell types, mitochondria adjacent to Ca2+ stores are actively involved in modulating Ca2+ signals by taking up Ca2+ released from stores and also may respond by increas...
235 citations
TL;DR: The isotonic sugar media could enable some improvement of cryopreservation of bull semen over the currently used Tris-egg yolk medium, and should be possible by implementation of controlled rate freezing, using a cooling rate in the optimal range between 76 and 140 degrees C/min.
235 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that Bin1b, a rat epididymis-specific β-defensin with antimicrobial activity, can bind to the sperm head in different regions of the epididysis with varied binding patterns, and is important for the acquisition of sperm motility and the initiation of sperm maturation.
Abstract: Although the role of the epididymis, a male accessory sex organ, in sperm maturation has been established for nearly four decades, the maturation process itself has not been linked to a specific molecule of epididymal origin. Here we show that Bin1b, a rat epididymis-specific beta-defensin with antimicrobial activity, can bind to the sperm head in different regions of the epididymis with varied binding patterns. In addition, Bin1b-expressing cells, either of epididymal origin or from a Bin1b-transfected cell line, can induce progressive sperm motility in immotile immature sperm. This induction of motility is mediated by the Bin1b-induced uptake of Ca(2+), a mechanism that has a less prominent role in maintaining motility in mature sperm. In vivo antisense experiments show that suppressed expression of Bin1b results in reduced binding of Bin1b to caput sperm and in considerable attenuation of sperm motility and progressive movement. Thus, beta-defensin is important for the acquisition of sperm motility and the initiation of sperm maturation.
235 citations
TL;DR: The addition of 3% fish oil to the daily boar ration significantly increased the content of DHA (from 33 to 45% of the total fatty acids) in the spermatozoa, and DHA-enriched semen did not show improved freezability, at least not as assessed by in vitro parameters.
235 citations
TL;DR: The mesoscale hydrodynamics simulations in combination with a mechanical sperm model provide a theoretical framework that explains several distinct swimming behaviors of sperm near and far from a wall and suggests a mechanism by which sperm navigate in a chemical gradient via a change of their shape.
235 citations