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Sperm motility

About: Sperm motility is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13874 publications have been published within this topic receiving 416587 citations. The topic is also known as: sperm movement & GO:0097722.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that cigarette smoking may have deleterious effects on sperm nuclear quality and that sperm DNA fragmentation can therefore be considered as an independent parameter with diagnostic, prognostic, and strategic value in the treatment of infertility.

195 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings suggest that the higher PP1 activity measured in immotile sperm, presumably due to higher GSK-3 activity, is responsible for holding motility in check and a biochemical basis for the development and regulation of sperm motility.
Abstract: Immotile bovine caput epididymal sperm contain levels of protein phosphatase activity twofold higher than do mature motile caudal sperm. Comparison of the inhibition profiles of endogenous phosphatase activities detected by okadaic acid (OA) and calyculin A (CA) revealed a pattern consistent with the predominance of a type 1 protein phosphatase (PP1). Immunoblot analysis identified PP1 gamma 2 (the testis-specific isoform of PP1) as the only PP1 isoform in sperm and showed little protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). In addition, of the known PP1 inhibitors, i.e., DARPP-32, inhibitor 1 (I1), and inhibitor 2 (I2), only I2-like activity was detected in sperm. Inhibition of PP1 by the heat-stable I2-like activity purified from sperm could be reversed with purified glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). Furthermore, sperm extracts contain an inactive complex of PP1 and I2 (termed PP1I) that could also be activated by purified GSK-3. The presence of GSK-3 in sperm was demonstrated by activation of purified PP1I, and quantitation revealed that immotile caput sperm contained sixfold higher GSK-3 activity than motile caudal sperm. Immunoblot analysis confirmed the expression of GSK-3 in sperm and revealed the occurrence of both the alpha and beta isoforms. Our findings suggest that the higher PP1 activity measured in immotile sperm, presumably due to higher GSK-3 activity, is responsible for holding motility in check. This conclusion was supported by the observation that the phosphatase inhibitors OA and CA, at micromolar and nanomolar levels, respectively, were able to induce motility in completely immotile bovine caput epididymal sperm and to stimulate the kinetic activity of mature caudal sperm. The intrasperm levels of cAMP, pH, and calcium were unaltered by treatment with these inhibitors. The results suggest a biochemical basis for the development and regulation of sperm motility and a possible physiological role for the PP1/I2/GSK-3 system.

194 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Analysis of data using Reactome suggests that both mitochondrial and peroxisomal pathways might indeed be active in sperm, and that the use of fatty acids as fuel might be more preponderant than previously thought.

194 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In ejaculated sperm, DNA fragmentation does not correspond to the apoptosis-like phenomenon and that it is associated with defects of motility, indicating an impaired motility.
Abstract: The functional significance of deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) fragmentation in ejaculated human sperm is unclear. In thisstudy the extent of DNA strand breakage in swim-up selectedsper-matozoa was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated fluorescein-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-coupledflow cytometry and correlated with several functional and morpho-logical sperm parameters. The extent of DNA fragmentation(mean 11.07% 8.00%, range 0.79%–42.64%, n 140) was pos-itively related to abnormal morphology and associated with defectsof the sperm tail. A negative correlation was found between DNAbreakage and progressive motility. When a stepwise multiple linearregression model was used to analyze the relationship betweenDNA fragmentation and the aforementioned parameters, only mo-tility results were included in the model. The presence of sper-matozoa showing submicroscopic characteristics resemblingthoseof somatic apoptosis has been reported in human ejaculate. Toverify whether sperm DNA fragmentation was associated with thepresence of such apoptotic-like cells, we performed electron mi-croscopy and TUNEL-coupled flow cytometry in a limited numberof sperm samples (n 24). Although we did not observe any sig-nificant relationship between DNA breakage and the characteris-tics that are suggestive of apoptosis, an association was foundwithseveral ultrastructural features, indicating an impaired motility.Hence, we conclude that in ejaculated sperm, DNA fragmentationdoes not correspond to the apoptosis-like phenomenon and that itis associated with defects of motility.Key words: Apoptosis, DNA fragmentation.J Androl 2000;21:903–912

193 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023383
2022912
2021582
2020616
2019552
2018576