Showing papers on "Spillover effect published in 1983"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the question whether differences in technical efficiency of Mexican plants in part derive from spillover efficiency associated with foreign direct investment and conclude that there is a spillover of technical efficiency.
722 citations
TL;DR: A review of the early history of work on hydrogen spillover during the decade 1960-1970 can be found in this paper, where a summary of the present state of knowledge of the phenomenon is presented.
Abstract: After a short review of the early history of work on hydrogen spillover during the decade 1960–1970, this paper presents a summary of the present state of knowledge of the phenomenon. Its effects are classified in terms of the nature of the hydrogen acceptor: (i) irreducible oxides, (ii) partially reducible oxides and related systems, (iii) oxides capable of forming hydrogen bronzes, (iv) reducible oxides not forming bronzes, and (v) carbon. The reversibility of hydrogen spillover is then briefly treated, and rate effects discussed in terms of the movement of mobile species across the various phase boundaries present in typical systems. Finally there is a short assessment of the possible importance of spillover during normal catalysed processing. The need for further systematic studies (e.g. on the effect of metal dispersion) and the wider use of isotopic tracer methods is strongly urged.
30 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1983
20 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer with 3mm spatial resolution was used to measure the rate of hydrogen spillover and surface diffusion, and a point source of spillover (Pt/SiO 2 ) was used in the center of a disc of transparent silica.
Abstract: A technique has been developed to measure the rate of hydrogen spillover and surface diffusion. A point source of spillover (Pt/SiO 2 ) was used in the center of a disc of infrared transparent silica. Utilizing a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer with 3mm spatial resolution, the concentration of deuterium was measured as a function of time and distance from the source of spillover. The diffusion coefficient for spilled over deuterium is estimated to be 10 -5 –10 -4 cm 2 /sec. The energetics of the spillover - diffusion - exchange processes are qualitatively interpreted. The results indicate that breaking of the platinum hydride bond (PtD → Pt + D surface) is rate controlling in the spillover and the rate controlling step in reverse spillover is desorption of the deuterium from the metal (2 PtD → 2 Pt + D 2 ). Furthermore, the net process of spillover (D 2 → D sp ) onto the surface of silica is favorable.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an alternative measure, which will permit a comprehensive and balanced assessment of the relationship between economic growth and the other principal domains which constitute the quality of life.
Abstract: Economic indicators such as per capita GNP have persisted as the principal means of evaluating the development plans as well as the policy achievements of Third World countries. There has been, however, an increasing awareness that these measures are inadequate to assess the negative spillover effects of economic growth and are an inaccurate indicator of the true purpose of national development: enhancing human well-being. This article proposes an alternative measure, which will permit a comprehensive and balanced assessment of the relationship between economic growth and the other principal domains which constitute the quality of life. We analyze the quality of life in Korea (1963-1979) in terms of physical, social, and personal development. Results show that the physical dimension of life in the 1960s and 1970s was greatly enhanced by Korea's well-known economic growth; but during this same period the domains of social and personal development deteriorated. As a result, the overall improvement in the qu...
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the standard one-period model of an industry populated by one large firm and a fringe of small competitors is used to show that the traditional focus on dominant firm pricing strategies is too narrow and that the dominant firm may also improve its position through generous wage contracts that spread to its competitors and raise their costs.
Abstract: The standard one-period model of an industry populated by one large firm and a fringe of small competitors is used to show that the traditional focus on dominant firm pricing strategies is too narrow In an era of industry-wide wage-setting or spillover effects, the dominant firm may also improve its position through generous wage contracts that spread to its competitors and raise their costs Some general observations are made about the model’s applicability and its possible extension to oligopoly theory and stagflation
4 citations
Journal Article•
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a generalized disequilibrium macroeconomic model that explicitly includes the concept of spillover in nontatonnement financial and real markets is specified and analyzed. And it is shown that the dynamic quantity and expenditure theories of income determination are special cases of the model which depend upon the degree of spill over from the bond to the commodity market.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a solid state electrochemical technique was used to monitor surface hydrogen, and it was concluded that the spillover hydrogen was located at the three phase boundary of metal, support, and gas.
Abstract: The study of the hydrogenation of ethylene by an alumina supported catalyst showed both the existence of hydrogen spillover and an enhanced reaction rate when spillover had occurred. Using a solid state electrochemical technique to monitor surface hydrogen, it was concluded that the spillover hydrogen was located at the three phase boundary of metal, support, and gas. It is suggested that the rate enhancements are not the result of utilizing this extra hydrogen, but are a result of altering the initial condition under which the reaction begins.
1 citations