Topic
Spin-½
About: Spin-½ is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 40423 publications have been published within this topic receiving 796639 citations.
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TL;DR: In two-dimensional quantum wells made of zinc-blende semiconductors, the spin-orbit interaction can be engineered in such a way that persistent spin structures with extraordinarily long spin lifetimes arise even in the presence of disorder and imperfections.
Abstract: Device concepts in semiconductor spintronics make long spin lifetimes desirable, and the requirements put on spin control by schemes of quantum information processing are even more demanding. Unfortunately, due to spin-orbit coupling electron spins in semiconductors are generically subject to rather fast decoherence. In two-dimensional quantum wells made of zinc-blende semiconductors, however, the spin-orbit interaction can be engineered in such a way that persistent spin structures with extraordinarily long spin lifetimes arise even in the presence of disorder and imperfections. We review experimental and theoretical developments on this subject both for n-doped and p-doped structures, and we discuss possible device applications.
138 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors construct model field theories in which a confining gauge interaction binds massive elementary fermions into massless composite particles, where the massless composites are either Goldstone bosons or spin-1 2 fermians.
138 citations
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TL;DR: The longitudinal spin structure factor for the XXZ-chain at small wave vector q is obtained using Bethe ansatz, field theory methods, and the density matrix renormalization group and it is demonstrated that the integrability of the model directly affects the line shape.
Abstract: The longitudinal spin structure factor for the XXZ-chain at small wave vector q is obtained using Bethe ansatz, field theory methods, and the density matrix renormalization group. It consists of a peak with a peculiar, non-Lorentzian shape and a high-frequency tail. We show that the width of the peak is proportional to q2 for finite magnetic field compared to q3 for a zero field. For the tail we derive an analytic formula without any adjustable parameters and demonstrate that the integrability of the model directly affects the line shape.
137 citations
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TL;DR: The Kondo resonance and the correlation-induced spin splitting of the dot levels may be systematically controlled by internal magnetization in the electrodes and the linear conductance is characterized by two spin-resolved peaks.
Abstract: We study the nonequilibrium spin transport through a quantum dot coupled to the magnetic electrodes. A formula for the spin-dependent current is obtained and is applied to discuss the linear conductance and magnetoresistance in the interacting regime. We show that the Kondo resonance and the correlation-induced spin splitting of the dot levels may be systematically controlled by internal magnetization in the electrodes. As a result, when the electrodes are in parallel magnetic configuration, the linear conductance is characterized by two spin-resolved peaks. Furthermore, the presence of the spin-flip process in the dot splits the Kondo resonance into three peaks.
137 citations
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TL;DR: This work introduces a system in which a key dynamical parameter adjusts itself in response to the changing external conditions so that the ground state naturally favors the topological phase.
Abstract: Most physical systems known to date tend to resist entering the topological phase and must be fine-tuned to reach that phase. Here, we introduce a system in which a key dynamical parameter adjusts itself in response to the changing external conditions so that the ground state naturally favors the topological phase. The system consists of a quantum wire formed of individual magnetic atoms placed on the surface of an ordinary $s$-wave superconductor. It realizes the Kitaev paradigm of topological superconductivity when the wave vector characterizing the emergent spin helix dynamically self-tunes to support the topological phase. We call this phenomenon a self-organized topological state.
137 citations