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Stackelberg competition

About: Stackelberg competition is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6611 publications have been published within this topic receiving 109213 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use zero-sum Markov games to model the interactions subject to underlying uncertainties of real-world events and actions, and show how the defender can use deception as a defense mechanism.
Abstract: Electricity grids are critical infrastructures They are credible targets of active (eg, terrorist) attacks since their disruption may lead to sizable losses economically and in human lives It is thus crucial to develop decision support that can guide administrators in deploying defense resources for system security and reliability Prior work on the defense of critical infrastructures has typically used static or Stackelberg games These approaches view network interdictions as one-time events However, infrastructure protection is also a continual process in which the defender and attacker interact to produce dynamic states affecting their best actions, as witnessed in the continual attack and defense of transmission networks in Colombia and Yemen In this paper, we use zero-sum Markov games to model these interactions subject to underlying uncertainties of real-world events and actions We solve equilibrium mixed strategies of the players that maximize their respective minimum payoffs with a time-decayed metric We also show how the defender can use deception as a defense mechanism Using results for a 5-bus system, a WECC 9-bus system, and an IEEE standard 14-bus system, we illustrate that our game model can provide useful insights We also contrast our results with those of static games, and quantify the gain in defender payoff due to misinformation of the attacker

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that if costs are identical or similar, then both firms will prefer the role of follower; if there is a significant cost differential between the firms, then the non-cooperative equilibrium can only be of two types: either the less efficient firm will act as the leader, selling a limited quantity at a low price, and the more efficient firm as the follower, selling to the residual demand at a higher price, or the efficient firm acting as leader will drive the smaller firm out of the market by adopting a limit pricing strategy, but in so

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider strategic monetary transfers between two agents when these contribute to a mutual public good, if the agents differ in their contribution productivity, then the less productive agent has an incentive to make large unconditional transfers to the more productive agent.

102 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two Stackelberg game models are developed to investigate the pricing and service level decisions of a fresh agri-products supply chain consisting of one supplier, one retailer, and one third-party logistics provider and examines the impacts of channel leadership on the price and servicelevel decisions and profits.

101 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Simulation results demonstrated that the total procurement cost was minimized by applying the proposed approach and a unique Stackelberg equilibrium was identified that yields the optimal outcome for the resource trading game between the GO and demand-side participators.
Abstract: Demand response (DR) has been recognized as a powerful tool to help mitigate power imbalances in a future smart energy system. This paper takes the point of view of a grid operator (GO) to establish an intraday resource trading framework, over which DR resources from different sectors (large industrial consumers and small- or middle-sized customers) are brought to the system level and are assessed by the GO along with the generators, with the aim of procuring the required system resources at minimal cost. Considering the distinct behaviors of the involved entities, Stackelberg game theory was adopted to analyze the coordination among the various decision makers. A unique Stackelberg equilibrium was identified that yields the optimal outcome for the resource trading game between the GO and demand-side participators. Simulation results demonstrated that the total procurement cost was minimized by applying the proposed approach.

101 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023551
20221,041
2021563
2020557
2019582
2018487