Topic
Stand-alone power system
About: Stand-alone power system is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8650 publications have been published within this topic receiving 192397 citations. The topic is also known as: Stand-alone photovoltaic power system.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem to solve the MILP problem and to analyse the benefits considering different electricity tariffs and battery storage unit cost in maximising feed-in tariff (FiT) revenue streams for the existing PV generating system.
203 citations
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TL;DR: This paper considers VPPs as coalitions of wind generators and electric vehicles, where wind generators seek to use electric vehicles (EVs) as a storage medium to overcome the vagaries of generation.
Abstract: Wind power is gaining in significance as an important renewable source of clean energy. However, due to their inherent uncertainty, wind generators are often unable to participate in the forward electricity markets like the more predictable and controllable conventional generators. Given this, virtual power plants (VPPs) are being advocated as a solution for increasing the reliability of such intermittent renewable sources. In this paper, we take this idea further by considering VPPs as coalitions of wind generators and electric vehicles, where wind generators seek to use electric vehicles (EVs) as a storage medium to overcome the vagaries of generation. Using electric vehicles in this manner has the advantage that, since the number of EVs is increasing rapidly, no initial investment in dedicated storage is needed. In more detail, we first formally model the VPP and then, through an operational model based on linear programming, we show how the supply to the Grid and storage in the EV batteries can be scheduled to increase the profit of the VPP, while also paying for the storage using a novel scheme. The feasibility of our approach is examined through a realistic case-study, using real wind power generation data, corresponding electricity market prices and electric vehicles' characteristics.
203 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal and visual properties, energy performance and financial issue of a semi-transparent photovoltaic (PV) facade were studied, and the results showed that such an integrated system could produce electricity and cut down electric lighting and cooling energy requirements to benefit the environmental, energy and economic aspects.
202 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed and reviewed both concepts regarding their ability to facilitate a biogas supply for short-term and long-term balancing power generation, and showed that a demand-driven biOGas supply based on a biomethane storing concept is suitable for the generation of positive secondary and tertiary balancing power.
Abstract: The share of electricity produced from renewable energy is constantly increasing in Germany and worldwide. The transformation to an electricity system based on renewable sources is characterised by an increasing need for balancing power in order to compensate power supply from fluctuating sources, such as solar or wind. Biomass, more precisely energy from biogas, has the potential to generate electricity flexible on-demand. A demand-driven biogas production is vital for balancing power generation and can generally be achieved by biogas storing or flexible biogas production concepts. This study analyses and reviews both concepts regarding their ability to facilitate a biogas supply for short-term and long-term balancing power generation. Results show that a demand-driven biogas supply based on a biogas storing concept is, due to the fast availability of biogas (i.e. biomethane), suitable for the generation of positive secondary and tertiary balancing power. Whereas, long-term balancing power can be provided by flexible biogas production as well as by biomethane, which was injected and stored in the natural gas grid. Basically all reviewed biogas supply concepts that facilitate a shutdown of electricity generation by storing or stopping the biogas production can additionally provide negative balancing power.
202 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors combined a stochastic model to determine mobility behavior, an optimization model to minimize vehicle charging costs and an agent-based electricity market equilibrium model to estimate variable electricity prices.
Abstract: Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) are expected to balance the fluctuation of renewable energy sources (RES). To investigate the contribution of PEVs, the availability of mobile battery storage and the control mechanism for load management are crucial. This study therefore combined the following: a stochastic model to determine mobility behavior, an optimization model to minimize vehicle charging costs and an agent-based electricity market equilibrium model to estimate variable electricity prices. The variable electricity prices are calculated based on marginal generation costs. Hence, because of the merit order effect, the electricity prices provide incentives to consume electricity when the supply of renewable generation is high. Depending on the price signals and mobility behavior, PEVs calculate a cost minimizing charging schedule and therefore balance the fluctuation of RES. The analysis shows that it is possible to limit the peak load using the applied control mechanism. The contribution of PEVs to improving the integration of intermittent renewable power generation into the grid depends on the characteristic of the RES generation profile. For the German 2030 scenario used here, the negative residual load was reduced by 15–22% and the additional consumption of negative residual load was between 34 and 52%.
202 citations