Topic
State of charge
About: State of charge is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12013 publications have been published within this topic receiving 201419 citations. The topic is also known as: SoC & SOC.
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TL;DR: In this article, a Z-source inverter is used to control power from the fuel cell, power to the motor, and state of charge (SOC) of the battery for fuel cell-battery hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEV).
Abstract: This paper presents a Z-source inverter control strategy used to control power from the fuel cell, power to the motor, and state of charge (SOC) of the battery for fuel cell (FC)-battery hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEV). Traditional pulsewidth modulation inverter always requires an extra dc/dc converter to interface the battery in FCHEVs. The Z-source inverter utilizes an exclusive Z-source (LC) network to link the main inverter circuit to the FC (or any dc power source). By substituting one of the capacitors in the Z-source with a battery and controlling the shoot through duty ratio and modulation index independently, one is able to control the FC power, output power, and SOC of the battery at the same time. These facts make the Z-source inverter highly desirable for use in FCHEVs, as the cost and complexity is greatly reduced when compared to traditional inverters. These new concepts will be demonstrated by simulation and experimental results
365 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a genetic algorithm is used to implement a tri-objective design of a grid independent PV/Wind/Split-diesel/Battery hybrid energy system for a typical residential building with the objective of minimizing the Life Cycle Cost (LCC), CO2 emissions and dump energy.
361 citations
04 Nov 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a new aging model for lithium ion batteries is proposed based on theoretical models of crack propagation, which provides an exponential dependence of aging on stress such as depth of discharge.
Abstract: A new aging model for Lithium Ion batteries is proposed based on theoretical models of crack propagation. This provides an exponential dependence of aging on stress such as depth of discharge. A measure of stress is derived from arbitrary charge and discharge histories to include mixed use in vehicles or vehicle to grid operations. This aging model is combined with an empirical equivalent circuit model, to provide time and state of charge dependent charge and discharge characteristics at any rate and temperature. This choice of model results in a cycle life prediction with few parameters to be fitted to a particular cell.
361 citations
04 Mar 2012
TL;DR: In this article, a multi-temperature LiNi-CoMnO 2 cathode and graphite-based anode was used to simulate thermal buildup for a constant current discharge scenario, and the model was validated for a lithium cell with an independent drive cycle showing voltage accuracy within 2%.
Abstract: The growing need for accurate simulation of advanced lithium cells for powertrain electrification demands fast and accurate modeling schemes. Additionally, battery models must account for thermal effects because of the paramount importance of temperature in kinetic and transport phenomena of electrochemical systems. This paper presents an effective method for developing a multi-temperature lithium cell simulation model with thermal dependence. An equivalent circuit model with one voltage source, one series resistor, and a single RC block was able to account for the discharge dynamics observed in the experiment. A parameter estimation numerical scheme using pulse current discharge tests on high power lithium (LiNi-CoMnO 2 cathode and graphite-based anode) cells under different operating conditions revealed dependences of the equivalent circuit elements on state of charge, average current, and temperature. The process is useful for creating a high fidelity model capable of predicting electrical current/voltage performance and estimating run-time state of charge. The model was validated for a lithium cell with an independent drive cycle showing voltage accuracy within 2%. The model was also used to simulate thermal buildup for a constant current discharge scenario.
360 citations
TL;DR: The main property of this strategy is that the energy management in the power source is carried out with a single general control algorithm in different operating modes, consequently avoiding any algorithm commutation.
Abstract: This paper presents an energy management method in an electrical hybrid power source (EHPS) for electric vehicular applications. The method is based on the flatness control technique (FCT) and fuzzy logic control (FLC). This EHPS is composed of a fuel cell system as the main source and two energy storage sources (ESSs)-a bank of supercapacitors (SCs) and a bank of batteries (BATs)-as the auxiliary source. With this hybridization, the volume and mass of the EHPS can be reduced, because the high energy density of BAT and high power density of SC are utilized. In the proposed novel control strategy, the FCT is used to manage the energy between the main and the auxiliary sources, and the FLC is employed to share the power flow in the ESS between the SC and the BAT. The power sharing depends on the load power and the state of charge of the SC and the BAT. EHPS is controlled by the regulation of the stored electrostatic energy in the dc buses. The main property of this strategy is that the energy management in the power source is carried out with a single general control algorithm in different operating modes, consequently avoiding any algorithm commutation. An EHPS test bench has been assembled and equipped with a real-time system controller based on a dSPACE. The experimental results validate the efficiency of the proposed control strategy.
360 citations