Topic
State of charge
About: State of charge is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12013 publications have been published within this topic receiving 201419 citations. The topic is also known as: SoC & SOC.
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TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that in addition to state of charge, internal temperature and state of health, the time period between the removal of an electrical load and the impedance measurement affects the results.
166 citations
TL;DR: By the evaluation of capacity loss information, an accelerated battery aging or even possible battery damage caused by overcharge can be avoided during battery charging scenarios.
Abstract: Lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries exhibit high power and energy densities, as well as high-cycle-lifetime capabilities. Li-ion cells based on LiFePO4 cathodes are promising alternatives to predominant metal oxide technologies, particularly for applications with high power and cycle lifetime requirements. This paper includes investigations on high-power LiFePO4 cells' cycle lifetime. Therefore, 3000 full charge-discharge cycles are applied to the cells with high constant current rates. Through reference testing, increasing battery impedance and a fading capacity are identified as a consequence of battery aging. Capacity fade proceeds in a way that cells' open-circuit voltages (OCVs) change only in the range of high state-of-charge (SOC). A model-based method that can detect the decreasingly utilizable capacity is outlined. The proposed method considers the changing OCV characteristics and enables the determination of capacity loss without complete charge and discharge being necessary during battery operation. By the evaluation of capacity loss information, an accelerated battery aging or even possible battery damage caused by overcharge can be avoided during battery charging scenarios.
165 citations
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the battery models used for electric vehicles and battery energy storage system applications is presented, which takes into account the non-linear characteristics of battery with respect to the battery's state of charge.
Abstract: This paper will initially present a review of the several battery models used for Electric Vehicles and Battery Energy Storage System applications. A model will be discussed which takes into account the non-linear characteristics of the battery with respect to the battery's state of charge. Comparisons between simulation and laboratory measurements will be presented. The effects of high frequency switching on the battery performance will also be discussed. A strategy to reduce the high frequency charging and discharging curre'nt will be proposed.
165 citations
TL;DR: A long short-term memory – recurrent neural network is proposed to model the sophisticated battery behaviors under varying temperatures and estimate battery SOC from voltage, current, and temperature variables and provides a satisfying SOC estimation under other temperatures which have no data trained before.
165 citations
TL;DR: Experimental results show good estimation of the SOH of VRLA batteries, and the proposed method is based on the state of charge (SOC) of the battery.
Abstract: This paper presents an online method for the estimation of the state of health (SOH) of valve-regulated lead acid (VRLA) batteries. The proposed method is based on the state of charge (SOC) of the battery. The SOC is estimated using the extended Kalman filter and a neural-network model of the battery. Then, the SOH is estimated online based on the relationship between the SOC and the battery open-circuit voltage using fuzzy logic and the recursive least squares method. To obtain the open-circuit voltage while the battery is operating, the reflective charging process is employed. Experimental results show good estimation of the SOH of VRLA batteries.
164 citations