State of charge

About: State of charge is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12013 publications have been published within this topic receiving 201419 citations. The topic is also known as: SoC & SOC.

Safety issues caused by internal short circuits in lithium-ion batteries

Abstract: Safety related incidents and accidents involving lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are often in the news. Even though catastrophic failure is rare, the high socioeconomic risks associated with battery thermal runaway reactions cannot be overlooked, as demonstrated by recent high-profile events. Among all the known types of battery failure modes, the internal short circuit (ISC) tops the list of the major safety concerns for the lithium-ion battery. However, a clear picture of the LIB's electrochemical safety behavior in the context of the ISC remains to be fully established. Herein we show that mechanical indentation techniques are capable of producing highly repeatable and controllable ISC modes in a manner that allows the electrochemical safety behavior of LIBs to be categorized based on the state of charge (SOC), ISC resistance, and electrode area. Our results identify the fundamental mechanism(s) of various electrochemical responses to the ISC through a combination of experiment, numerical simulation, and analysis. With the understanding that complicated electrochemical phenomena occur after the triggering of an ISC, we examine the safety boundaries and create an electrochemical behavior map for LIBs after ISCs. We anticipate that this discovery will lead to new opportunities for battery safety design, manufacturing, monitoring, and utilization with beneficial consequences to a battery-intensive, mobile, and green society in terms of much reduced battery safety concerns.

A Consensus-Based Cooperative Control of PEV Battery and PV Active Power Curtailment for Voltage Regulation in Distribution Networks

Abstract: The rapid growth of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) arrays installed in residential houses leads to serious voltage quality problems in low voltage distribution networks (LVDNs). In this paper, a combined method using the battery energy management of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) and the active power curtailment of PV arrays is proposed to regulate voltage in LVDNs with high penetration level of PV resources. A distributed control strategy composed of two consensus algorithms is used to reach an effective utilization of limited storage capacity of PEV battery considering its power/capacity and state of charge. A consensus control algorithm is also developed to fairly share the required power curtailment among PVs during overvoltage periods. The main objective is to mitigate the voltage rise due to the reverse power flow and to compensate the voltage drop resulting from the peak load. Overall, the proposed algorithm contributes to a coordinated charging/discharging control of PEVs battery which provides a maximum utilization of available storage capacity throughout the network. In addition, the coordinated operation minimizes the required active power which is going to be curtailed from PV arrays. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is investigated on a typical three-phase four-wire LVDN in presence of PV resources and PEVs.