State (polity)

About: State (polity) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 36954 publications have been published within this topic receiving 719822 citations. The topic is also known as: state (polity).

Controlling Modern Government

Abstract: Controlling Modern Government explores the long-term development of controls over government across five major state traditions in developed democracies – US, Japan, variants of continental-European models, a Scandinavian case and variants of the Westminster model.

State capacity and military conflict

Abstract: Powerful, centralized states controlling a large share of national income only begin to appear in Europe after 1500. We build a model that explains their emergence in response to the increasing importance of money for military success. When fiscal resources are not crucial for winning wars, the threat of external conflict stifles state-building. As finance becomes critical, internally cohesive states invest in state capacity while divided states rationally drop out of the competition, causing divergence. We emphasize the role of the “Military Revolution”, a sequence of technological innovations that transformed armed conflict. Using data from 374 battles, we investigate empirically both the importance of money for military success and patterns of state-building in early modern Europe. The evidence is consistent with the predictions of our model.

Military Politics, Islam and the State in Indonesia: From Turbulent Transition to Democratic Consolidation

Abstract: Military Politics, Islam and the State in Indonesia: From Turbulent Transition to Democratic Consolidation Preliminary pages INTRODUCTION Militaries in Political Transitions: Theories and the Case of Indonesia PART I: HISTORICAL LEGACIES, 1945-97 1. Doctrine and Power: Legacies of Indonesian Military Politics 2. Islam and the State: Legacies of Civilian Conflict PART II: CRISIS AND REGIME CHANGE, 1997-98 3. Regime Change: Military Factionalism and Suharto's Fall 4. Divided Against Suharto: Muslim Groups and the 1998 Regime Change PART III: THE POST-AUTHORITARIAN TRANSITION, 1998-2004 5. Adapting to Democracy: TNI in the Early Post-Authoritarian Polity 6. New Era, Old Divisions: Islamic Politics in the Early Post-Suharto Period PART IV: DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION, 2004-08 7. Yudhoyono and the Declining Role of State Coercion 8. Stabilizing the Civilian Polity: Muslim Groups in Yudhoyono's Indonesia.

A NATION IN FRAGMENTS: Patronage and Neoliberalism in Contemporary Indonesia

Abstract: Scholars of Indonesia are still searching for ways to characterize the ordering principles of the new post-Suharto politics In the 1950s and 1960s, Clifford Geertz's notion of aliran (stream) politics captured central features of Indonesian political life In the 1970s and 1980s, the state took center stage, with scholars seeing the New Order state as standing above society, depoliticizing and reordering it Since reform began in 1998, these analyses are clearly no longer adequate, but scholars have yet to find persuasive alternatives This article offers one attempt to diagnose the fundamentals of political organization in contemporary Indonesia It starts by emphasizing the organizational fragmentation that characterizes much contemporary political life It seeks the origins of this fragmentation in two sources: the ubiquity of patronage distribution as a means of cementing political affiliations and the broader neoliberal model of economic, social, and cultural life in which patronage distribution is

Militarized modernity and gendered citizenship in South Korea

Abstract: This pathbreaking study presents a feminist analysis of the politics of membership in the South Korean nation over the past four decades. Seungsook Moon examines the ambitious effort by which South Korea transformed itself into a modern industrial and militarized nation. She demonstrates that the pursuit of modernity in South Korea involved the construction of the anticommunist national identity and a massive effort to mold the populace into useful, docile members of the state. This process, which she terms “militarized modernity,” treated men and women differently. Men were mobilized for mandatory military service and then, as conscripts, utilized as workers and researchers in the industrializing economy. Women were consigned to lesser factory jobs, and their roles as members of the modern nation were defined largely in terms of biological reproduction and household management. Moon situates militarized modernity in the historical context of colonialism and nationalism in the twentieth century. She follows the course of militarized modernity in South Korea from its development in the early 1960s through its peak in the 1970s and its decline after rule by military dictatorship ceased in 1987. She highlights the crucial role of the Cold War in South Korea’s militarization and the continuities in the disciplinary tactics used by the Japanese colonial rulers and the postcolonial military regimes. Moon reveals how, in the years since 1987, various social movements—particularly the women’s and labor movements—began the still-ongoing process of revitalizing South Korean civil society and forging citizenship as a new form of membership in the democratizing nation.