Showing papers on "Sterculia foetida published in 2021"

Detailed analysis on sterculia foetida kernel oil as renewable fuel in compression ignition engine

Abstract: This work briefs the ability of Sterculia foetida methyl ester (SFME) as an alternate fuel in determining the engine characteristics. Non-edible nature of the Sterculia foetida kernel oil favored choosing as a feedstock. The Acid-catalyzed transesterification process is conducted for converting Sterculia foetida kernel oil into methyl ester. Experimental analysis was conducted using blends such as SFME20, SFME40, SFME60, SFME80, SFME100, and standard diesel at atmospheric conditions. The observations concluded that the Smoke opacity, Hydro carbon emissions, and carbon monoxide emissions lowered with increase in SFME content in diesel. In addition, the performance aspects namely BTE lowered with increase in SFME in diesel/SFME blends. Carbon-di-oxide and Nitroden oxide emissions increased when compared with standard diesel becausce of its higher O2 concentration. The combustion analysis witnessed a reduction in HRR and ICP for SFME-diesel blends relative to standard diesel.

Optimisation of biodiesel production from mixed Sterculia foetida and rice bran oil

Abstract: The present study is to investigate the feasibility of mixed non-edible oils, Sterculia foetida (SFO), and rice bran oil (RBO) for biodiesel production. The transesterification process variables of...

Chemical profiling, pharmacological insights and in silico studies of methanol seed extract of Sterculia foetida

Abstract: Sterculia foetida, also known as jangli badam in Bangladesh, is a traditionally used plant that has pharmacological activities. A qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed to assess the metabolites in a methanolic extract of S. foetida seeds (MESF), and the cytotoxic, thrombolytic, anti-arthritics, analgesic, and antipyretic activities were examined using in vitro, in vivo, and in silico experiments. Quantitative studies were performed through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis. The brine shrimp lethality bioassays and clot lysis were performed to investigate the cytotoxic and thrombolytic activities, respectively. The anti-arthritics activity was assessed using the albumin denaturation assay. Analgesic activity was determined using the acetic acid-induced writhing test and the formalin-induced paw-licking test. A molecular docking study was performed, and an online tool was used to perform ADME/T (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion/toxicity) and PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances). GC-MS analysis identified 29 compounds in MESF, consisting primarily of phenols, terpenoids, esters, and other organic compounds. MESF showed moderate cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp and significant thrombolytic and anti-arthritics activities compared with the relative standards. The extract also showed a dose-dependent and significant analgesic and antipyretic activities. Docking studies showed that 1-azuleneethanol, acetate returned the best scores for the tested enzymes. These findings suggested that MESF represents a potent source of thrombolytic, anti-arthritic, analgesic, antipyretic agents with moderate cytotoxic effects.

Extraction and characterization of novel Sterculia foetida fruit shell fibre for composite applications

Abstract: The novel Sterculia foetida fruit shell fibres were extracted by following a traditional method of water retting. The fibres were found to be lignocellulosic, comprising around 14.28 ± 0.2% of lignin in it. Its α-cellulose and hemicellulose contents were measured to be 45.44 ± 0.2% and 27.27 ± 0.2%, respectively, which are in a favorable range of textile fibres. The novel fibre exhibits good tensile strength and low extensibility, which can be used for making ropes, yarns, sacs, textile fabrics, composite materials, etc. Resin-based fibre reinforced composites were prepared with the fibres as reinforcement and compared with conventional jute fibre reinforced composites. It was observed that Sterculia foetida fruit shell fibre-based composites showed breaking stress, breaking elongation, and E-Modulus 16.912 MPa, 2.767% and 1011.67 MPa, respectively, which are comparable with the jute fibre-based composites (19.38 MPa, 2.23%, and 1017.33 MPa, respectively).

Potential oil resources from underutilized seeds of Sterculia foetida, L. - Quality assessment and chemical profiling with other edible vegetable oils based on fatty acid composition, oxidative stability, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity

Abstract: Vegetable oils are integral part in production of manufactured food both in domestic and industrial scale. Vegetable oil market is increasing upward with a CAGR of 3.25% during the forecast period (2019–2024) all around the world. Therefore, it is necessary to find alternative sources of vegetable oil to fulfil the scarcity in the market. Seeds of Sterculia foetida, L. yielded considerable amount of oil (58.7 g/100g) as compared to other vegetable oils (such as sunflower, ground nut, mustard, soybean). Fatty acids composition of all the five tested oils showed that total fatty acid as well as unsaturated fatty acid percentage is higher in Sterculia seed oil. Proximate and mineral composition analysis suggested that Sterculia oil is a good source of protein, lipids, macro and micronutrients. Lowest TOTOX value (2.67) and higher iodine value (132–144) indicated its higher oxidative stability and presence of greater number of unsaturated bands in the fatty acid moieties which is also beneficial for human health. Sterculia oil exhibited lower IC50 values in DPPH (825.73 μg/ml), and NO (111.98 μg/ml) radical scavenging assays. In case of ABTS radical scavenging activity, no significant differences were observed in groundnut, mustard, sterculia and soybean except sunflower. Sterculia oil did not exhibit any cytotoxic effect on both normal and cancerous cell lines even at concentrations of 40 μg/ml as evident from MTT assay. Thus, seed oil of Sterculia foetida may be a cost-effective and viable source of safe nutritious edible oils to combat the present market demand.

Phytochemical, Fluorescence and GC-MS Analysis of Methanolic Extract of Sterculia foetida L. Seeds

Abstract: The present work phytoconstituents of the seed powder of Sterculia foetidaL. extracted with 98% methanol. The extracted phytochemical compound subjected to qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis, fluorescence analysis and GC-MS analysis. The results of qualitative phytochemical screening confirm that the presence of tannins, phenols, steroids, cardiac glycoside and coumarin. The significant amount of carbohydrate, protein, lipid, tannin and total phenol estimated through quantitative analysis of phytochemicals. The seed powder with the picric acid exhibited fluorescent yellow during fluorescence analysis undertaken with short ultra violet light at 254 nm. There are 13 bioactive compounds were identified through GC-MS analysis of seed powder of S. foetida L. These various bioactive compounds possess a wide range of activities such as disease control, pest control and microbicidal effect.

Investigation on the effect of ultrasound irradiation on biodiesel properties and transesterification parameters

Abstract: This work examines the effect of ultrasound irradiation (UI) on biodiesel properties and transesterification parameters. Methanol content, reaction time, reaction temperature, and catalyst concentration are varied, and the optimum condition for maximum possible yield was held constant for both processes. Biodiesel obtained from non-edible oils is the most promising alternative fuel for conventional diesel fuel. In this study, sterculia foetida seed oil was used for biodiesel production. Sterculia foetida oil was transesterified to lower its FFA using UI and compared with the conventional process. Both heating processes were optimized to yield a maximum of 94.3% at a six molar ratio, 50 °C, (water temp), 1% wt of catalyst (KOH), and 75 min reaction time. Transesterification by UI reduced the total reaction time to 4 min compared to 75 min at the conventional process. Further UI influenced the properties of biodiesel (SOBD) from SO. UI lowered viscosity by 7.3% and density by 5.5% and facilitated using oxygen content of SOBD.

Efficient Alkaline Peroxide Pretreatment of Sterculia foetida Fruit Shells for Production of Reducing Sugar: Effect of Process Parameters on Lignin Removal

Abstract: The efficient delignification of low-cost lignocellulosic biomass is of utmost importance for its viable conversion to biofuel. In the current study, agricultural waste biomass of Sterculia foetida fruit shell was pretreated by heating at 60 ℃ and 121 ℃ in the presence of alkaline and alkaline peroxide conditions. The objective was to study the effects of concentration of NaOH & H2O2 and temperature on lignin removal efficiency and reducing sugar content. The structural and functional changes caused to the biomass were also studied using FTIR and XRD analysis. The optimum lignin removal of 81.66% was achieved by heating at 60 ℃ for 3 hours using 3% H2O2 and 5% NaOH aqueous solution showing an increase in crystallinity of the pretreated samples, removal of lignin as well as easy accessibility of cellulose and also indicates reduction of yield due to in situ degradation of the released sugars in the presence of NaOH and H2O2 at higher chemical concentrations. The developed pretreatment procedure showed appreciable delignification of the biomass which could be easily scaled up for continuous operations at low costs.