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Stream power

About: Stream power is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1135 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51324 citations.


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01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, different characteristics of runoff and eroded sediments were investigated as well as changes in textural composition of the original soil, on experimental plots in the Apennines mountain range, in northern Italy.
Abstract: article i nfo In this paper, different characteristics of runoff and eroded sediments were investigated as well as changes in textural composition of the original soil, on experimental plots. The objectives were to investigate the particle size distribution of the eroded sediments, as a function of soil, crop, and meteorological variables, and changes in texture due to water erosion over time. The study was performed on experimental plots in the Apennines mountain range, in northern Italy, where an automated system for measuring runoff water and sediment was installed. Runoff water, sediment yield and sediment mean diameters were analyzed as a function of land cover, rainfall kinetic energy and stream power. In particular, the study investigated: (a) the sediment particle size distribution using laser diffraction, (b) the effect of rainfall kinetic energy, stream power and crop coverage on runoff, sediment yield and sediment particle size distribution and (c) the changes in soil texture on the cultivated field plots, over a period of 15 years. The results of this study showed: (a) the particle size distribution of the eroded sediment was generally unimodal and the dominant fraction characterizing the eroded sediments was the one with a mean particle diameter ranging from 4.3 to 13.1 μm, comprised in the silt range, (b) the mean particle diameter changed depending on the rainfall kinetic energy and the stream power, with a positive correlation between particle diameter and rainfall kinetic energy under bare soil, and (c) the effect of long-term erosion showed that the original soil textural composition experienced a statistically significant change over a period of 15 years, with a decrease in the silt fraction and a relative increase in the clay fraction, due to losses of silt in the eroded sediments.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
12 Jan 2020-Water
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used an integrated approach that included the dendrogeomorphic reconstruction of past flood activity, hydraulic modelling of the 2014 flash flood parameters using a two-dimensional IBER model, and evaluation of the channel stability using sedimentological parameters.
Abstract: Floods represent frequent hazards in both low- and first-order catchments; however, to date, the investigation of peak flow discharges in the latter catchments has been omitted due to the absence of gauging stations. The quantification of flood parameters in a first-order catchment (1.8 km2) was realised in the moderate relief of NE Czechia, where the last flash flood event in 2014 caused considerable damage to the infrastructure. We used an integrated approach that included the dendrogeomorphic reconstruction of past flood activity, hydraulic modelling of the 2014 flash flood parameters using a two-dimensional IBER model, and evaluation of the channel stability using sedimentological parameters. Based on 115 flood scars, we identified 13 flood events during the period of 1955 to 2018, with the strongest signals recorded in 2014, 2009 and 1977. The modelled peak flow discharge of the last 2014 flood was equal to 4.5 m3·s−1 (RMSE = 0.32 m) using 26 scars as palaeostage indicators. The excess critical unit stream power was observed at only 24.2% of the reaches, representing predominantly bedrock and fine sediments. Despite local damage during the last flood, our results suggest relatively stable geomorphic conditions and gradual development of stream channels under discharges similar to that in 2014.

5 citations

Dissertation
01 Aug 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, a modified unit stream power function is applied for the estimation of sediment transport in the Ganges river, which is applicable to high concentration of fine sediment, and the modified Yang's formula performs better for Ganga river.
Abstract: In this study, the unit stream power formula and modified unit stream power formula have been applied for the estimation of sediment transport in the Ganges river. The modified unit stream power function is applicable to high concentration of fine sediment. The annual variation in the percent of fine suspended discharge shows that the Ganges river at Hardinge bridge contains a substantial amount of wash load. Based on observed data, sediment transport has been computed using Yang’s stream power formula and modified Yang’s formula. Comparison between computed and observed sediment discharge shows that Yang’s formula over-predicts the sediment transport. The discrepancy ratio and standard deviation indicate the accuracy of the sediment transport predictors. Modified Yang’s formula performs better for Ganges river. The modified Yang’s sediment transport formula can be used in modeling sediment load in the Ganges river. The Yang’s formula can also be used after adjusting the computed sediment load by an appropriate multiplying factor. © 2005 Institution of Engineers, Bangladesh. All rights reserved.

5 citations

01 Jun 1983
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of large organic debris on stream channel form and process relevant to anadromous fish habitat was evaluated along three lines of inquiry: new ways to evaluate discrete hydrologic environments, such as pools, riffles and debris accumulations were developed.
Abstract: This research on effects of large organic debris on stream channel form and process relevant to anadromous fish habitat was along three lines of inquiry. First, new ways to evaluate discrete hydrologic environments, such as pools, riffles and debris accumulations were developed. Experiments completed provided basic data to test a model useful for predicting hydraulic geometry of pools and riffles. These experiments will help managers develop design criteria for construction or improvement of fish habitat in channel restoration projects. Similar hydrologic experiments in Redwood National Park, have been completed to evaluate the stream power associated with organic steps and defines a sediment buffer system that modulates the movement of bedload through the fluvial system. A second line of inquiry involved in debris removal experiments in Redwood National Park. Significant hydrologic and morphologic changes occurred as a result of the debris removal. Results of the debris pulling experiment suggest that the stream is now more sluggish and has less hydrologic variability than prior to the debris removal. The third line if inquiry was a comparative study between undisturbed streams flowing through old growth redwood forest with those impacted by timber harvesting. Large organic debris (greater than 10cm in diameter) is equally effective on controlling gross channel form in both undisturbed and disturbed channels, but there is a difference in the size and quantity of debris, channel morphology, and thus anadromous fish habitat. There is a higher percentage of unstable stored sediment in disturbed basins and sediment storage sites tend to be filled more often. Once storage sites are full, sediment may be transported more directly through the channel to downstream sites, producing a sediment pollution problem.

5 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, basic hydraulic parameters such as shear stress, stream power, unit stream power and water velocities were calculated and measured within the region of a drop hydraulic structure erected on the Kasinczanka stream in the Polish Carpathians.
Abstract: Basic hydraulic parameters such as shear stress, stream power, unit stream power and water velocities were calculated and measured within the region of a drop hydraulic structure erected on the Kasinczanka stream in the Polish Carpathians. Besides examining the hydrodynamics of the stream the study investigated also the distribution of grain size in the bed-load at the upstream and downstream aprons of the structure. It was revealed that grains deposited at the upstream apron were finer than those deposited at the downstream apron. At the same time, shear stresses and unit stream power values were found to be quite stable upstream of the drop structure, but to change significantly along the stream channel downstream of the structure’s energy dissipating pool

5 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202351
2022103
202154
202067
201952
201847