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Stream power

About: Stream power is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1135 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51324 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
29 Sep 2021-Sensors
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the normalized channel steepness index (Ksn) and the stream length-gradient index (SL) to detect the significant variations in the stream power along river reaches, which are anomalies associated with landslides, in the Zengqu River watershed, the upper reaches of the Jinsha River.
Abstract: Geomorphic indices (e.g., the normalized channel steepness index (Ksn) and the stream length-gradient index (SL)) highlight changes in fluvial shapes and gradients. However, the application of these indices was seldom used to identify potential landslide zones. In this study, we used the Ksn and SL indices to detect the significant variations in the stream power along river reaches, which are anomalies associated with landslides, in the Zengqu River watershed, the upper reaches of the Jinsha River. Most of the landslide anomalies originate along the trunk and surrounding tributaries below the knickpoint of the mainstream. This suggests an erosional wave is migrating upstream throughout the drainage area. The fluvial incision may generate over-steepened hillslopes, which could fail in the future. In addition, the divide asymmetry index (DAI) predicts the direction of the divide as the headwaters migrate toward lower relief, higher elevation surfaces. Landslides are expected to occur as the unstable divide migrates. The proposed methodology can benefit the detection and characterization of potential landslide zones. It should improve hazard and risk analysis and the identification of drainage network areas associated with landslides.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a field evaluation of an approximate analytic solution to a multi-class net deposition equation in a contour channel is presented. But the authors do not consider the effect of surface roughness, threshold stream power beyond which re-entrainment occurs, and the proportion of stream power available for re-inrainment.
Abstract: Accumulation of sediment in contour channels or terraces often occurs when overland flow passes from a hillslope to a lesser channel slope and sediment load is reduced. This article describes a field evaluation of an approximate analytic solution to a multi-class net deposition equation in a channel. The approximate analytic solution requires input settling classes to be of equal mass, which can be interpolated from a measured settling velocity distribution. Lateral input of runoff and suspended sediment into the channel was approximated by representing the channel as a series of 20 m segments that received hillslope inputs at their uppermost end via ephemeral gullies. At the beginning of each channel segment, new settling velocity classes (of equal mass) were interpolated, following mixing of inputs from the contributing hillslope segment and the previous channel segment. This procedure was found to be stable over the whole length of the channel only if the number of interpolated settling velocity classes (I) was >60. Precise measurement of such a large I value is infeasible, and users of the interpolation procedure should consider any potential errors that might occur if interpolating from a small number of measured data points. Using the model, the input sediment load was partitioned into deposition in the channel and output suspended sediment, which compared well with field measurements. However, enrichment of slower settling velocity fractions, relative to the input sediment, was overpredicted when compared to the only available measurement of the output settling velocity distribution. This finding is consistent with other applications of the model and with some applications of simple settling theory. Outputs were shown to be relatively insensitive to: surface roughness, threshold stream power beyond which re-entrainment occurs, and the proportion of stream power available for re-entrainment. It is likely that the approximate analytic solution is not applicable where channel segments are 10 m or less, in which case the full solution should be used.

2 citations

27 Apr 2016
TL;DR: This document summarizes current capabilities, research and operational priorities, and plans for further studies that were established at the 2015 USGS workshop on quantitative hazard assessments of earthquake-triggered landsliding and liquefaction in the Central American region.
Abstract: .......................................................................................................................................... 8

2 citations

01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: In this article, it has been observed on the Barranco del Infierno after the occurrence of a low frequency flood, alluvial deposits have been strongly displaced, resulting in the emptiness of potholes and agradation at transfer reaches.
Abstract: Bedrock rivers offer larger erosive resistance and therefore less incision capability as alluvial streams do. Changes occur very slowly and response to tectonics or eustathism might be not on phase at the different stream reaches. Along a bedrock gorge, different reaches show changes in hydraulic conditions and rather diverse responses on floods. According to the change in slope and transversal sections, erosive and agradational processes are fluctuating in relation to changes in velocity and load transport capacity. Due to the lack of alluvial floodplain, depth increase abruptly and accordingly stream power acquires a high geomorphic effectiveness. As it has been observed on the Barranco del Infierno after the occurrence of a low frequency flood, alluvial deposits have been strongly displaced, resulting in the emptiness of potholes and agradation at transfer reaches. The result of a medium to high magnitude flood is a radical change on fluvial landscape with large morphological modifications on bed and banks, bars and even on lateral slopes.

2 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this article, four topographic indices were evaluated to identify potential ephemeral gullies in agricultural fields using high-resolution digital elevation models (25 to 200 cm) of an agricultural field located in Kansas, USA.
Abstract: Watershed-scale modeling tools, such as USDA’s watershed management planning tool AnnAGNPS, already have been developed with components necessary for evaluation of the effect of ephemeral gullies on farming and conservation practices; however, the identification of potential downstream gully channel initiation locations (mouths) is critical. On a watershed scale this represents a time consuming task where users may not accurately locate and describe all the existing and potential ephemeral gully mouths. Alternatively, the identification of ephemeral gully mouths are often empirically related to stream power, which is recognized as a surrogate to flow intensity and sediment carrying capacity, through the use of secondary topographic attributes. Several topographic indices have been proposed to describe stream power and thus to characterize sediment transport in overland flow specifically due to channel initiation and headcut migration. Using high spatial resolution digital elevation models (25 to 200 cm) of an agricultural field located in Kansas, USA, four topographic indices were evaluated to identify potential ephemeral gullies. Results indicated similar ability of these four indices of predicting the location of channel initiation, with slightly better spatial distribution and less number of points yielded by CTI.

2 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202351
2022103
202154
202067
201952
201847