Stress corrosion cracking

About: Stress corrosion cracking is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11340 publications have been published within this topic receiving 138157 citations.

Effect of the long‐term service of the gas pipeline on the properties of the ferrite–pearlite steel

Abstract: The thorough mechanical, corrosion-mechanical, hydrogen permeation studies of X52 steel in as-received condition and after 30 years of service in gas pipeline have shown the degradation of the bulk metal properties due to the exploitation. The structure degradation of exploited steels decreased the resistance to crack propagation, to stress corrosion cracking (SCC), HE and HIBC. The exploited steel exhibited specific anomalies of mechanical behaviour: (1) decrease in resistance to brittle fracture with simultaneous decrease in hardness; and (2) the opposite change of the plasticity parameters: decrease in the RA accompanied by the increase in elongation. Deformation ageing and formation of micro defects, assisted by entering and accumulated hydrogen evolved in corrosion processes which takes place in brine deposited inside the pipes, have been proposed to be responsible for the metal degradation and specific modification of the properties during the long-term service of pipes. The extent of the steel degradation not being able to be detected by the standardized mechanical properties and routine microstructure observation can be efficiently determined by the specially modified methods and conditions. The information may be used in assessment of the conditions and of the life-time of operated and newly constructed gas pipelines.

Roles of H2S in the Behavior of Engineering Alloys: A Review of Literature and Experience

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide (H{sub 2}S) has long been associated with the cause of corrosion damage and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) in high strength steels and high hardness weldments used in oil and gas production, petroleum refining, and petrochemical/chemical processing. Other applications where sulfide species have produced environmental cracking include heavy water production, electric power, marine applications and many others where sulfate reducing bacteria can flourish and oftentimes produce substantial amounts of H{sub 2}S. H{sub 2}S has also been associated with internal blistering, hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) and stress oriented hydrogen induced cracking (SOHIC) of carbon steels used in refinery vessels in wet H{sub 2}S service and pipelines containing sour (H{sub 2}S-containing) fluids. In recent years, new stainless alloys have been implemented in lieu of conventional steels in many applications where H{sub 2}S corrosion is particularly severe. These materials have been used along with chemical inhibitors to mitigate corrosion. These alloys, however, may in some cases also be susceptible to SSC, localized corrosion and anodic stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in sour environments. In this review, the behavior of carbon and low-alloy steels, stainless steels, and nickel alloys in sour environments is discussed. Emphasis is placed on the identification of the various typesmore » of H{sub 2}S-related corrosion and environmental cracking that can occur, the origin and mechanisms, and the methods of control.« less