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Stress field

About: Stress field is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11926 publications have been published within this topic receiving 226417 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present measurements of the cross-sectional residual stress profile in a 2024 aluminium alloy VPPA weld using a newly invented technique -the contour method, which needs only one straight cut through a sample on the plane of interest, followed by measurement of the surface contour produced by relaxation of the preexisting stress field.

98 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of constraint induced by the crack depth on creep crack-tip stress field in compact tension (CT) specimens is examined by finite element analysis, and the effects of creep deformation and damage on the Hutchinson-Rice-Rosengren (HRR) singularity stress field are discussed.

98 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an approach to model the energy of a persistent slip band (PSB) structure and use its stability with respect to dislocation motion as a failure criterion for fatigue crack initiation.
Abstract: Scatter observed in the fatigue response of a nickel-based superalloy, U720, is linked to the variability in the microstructure. Our approach is to model the energy of a persistent slip band (PSB) structure and use its stability with respect to dislocation motion as our failure criterion for fatigue crack initiation. The components that contribute to the energy of the PSB are identified, namely, the stress field resulting from the applied external forces, dislocation pile-ups, and work-hardening of the material is calculated at the continuum scale. Further, energies for dislocations creating slip in the matrix/precipitates, interacting with the GBs, and nucleating/agglomerating within the PSB are computed via molecular dynamics simulations. Through this methodology, fatigue life is predicted based on the energy of the PSB, which inherently accounts for the microstructure of the material. The present approach circumvents the introduction of uncertainty principles in material properties. It builds a framework based on mechanics of microstructure, and from this framework, we construct simulated microstructures based on the measured distributions of grain size, orientation, neighbor information, and grain boundary character, which allows us to calculate fatigue scatter using a deterministic approach. The uniqueness of the approach is that it avoids the large number of parameters prevalent in previous fatigue models. The predicted lives are in excellent agreement with the experimental data validating the model capabilities.

98 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1994-Geology
TL;DR: In this paper, an elastic finite element analysis of the African intraplate stress field is used to determine constraints on the stress state resulting from variations in the gravitational potential energy of the lithosphere (U 1) produced by lateral density variations.
Abstract: An elastic finite-element analysis of the African intraplate stress field is used to determine constraints on the stress state resulting from variations in the gravitational potential energy of the lithosphere ( U 1) produced by lateral density variations. The modeling is constrained by 150 stress indicators extracted from the World Stress Map Project data set. Lateral variations in U 1 are calculated by using a simple lithospheric density model that is consistent with observed geoid anomalies across mid-ocean ridges and continental margins. Predicted tectonic stresses in the oceanic regions of the African plate range from tension along the mid-ocean ridges (9 MPa) to compression in the ocean basins (10 MPa). Continental regions near sea level are in a near-neutral state of stress. There are large extensional stresses present in the Ethiopian highlands (15 MPa), the East African rift (9 MPa), and southern Africa (8 MPa). The general agreement between the predicted and the observed stress fields suggests that the principal long-wavelength features of the intraplate stress field, including the observed extension in eastern and southern Africa, can be explained in terms of stresses arising from lithospheric density variations without appeal to poorly determined sublithospheric processes. The state of stress in continental regions with elevations greater than 70 m is predicted to be extensional, providing an alternative source of continental tension that has important implications for the dynamics of continental breakup.

98 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a suite of synthetic focal mechanism data sets containing random errors was used to determine which of the error estimates best reflects the true inversion uncertainty, implying that the stress field in southern California is probably heterogeneous.
Abstract: Crustal stress orientations provide important information about the mechanics of regional deformation. Numerous methods exist for inverting earthquake focal mechanisms for stress orientation, and the more widely used methods usually obtain similar results for similar data sets. However, error estimates are highly variable, complicating the interpretation of results. The southern California stress field, for example, contains much statistically significant spatial and temporal variability according to the error estimates of one method (Michael, 1984, 1987b), but very little according to those of another (Gephart and Forsyth, 1984). To resolve whether the southern California stress field is generally homogeneous or heterogeneous, we must determine which of the error estimates best reflects the true inversion uncertainty. To do this, we tested both methods on a suite of synthetic focal mechanism data sets containing random errors. The method of Gephart and Forsyth (1984) usually provides more accurate estimates of stress orientation, especially for high-quality data sets, but its confidence regions are in most cases too large. The method of Michael (1984, 1987b) is more accurate for very noisy data sets and provides a more appropriate estimate of uncertainty, implying that the stress field in southern California is probably heterogeneous.

98 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023245
2022517
2021392
2020416
2019410
2018388