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Stress relaxation

About: Stress relaxation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12959 publications have been published within this topic receiving 270815 citations.


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TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a simple analytical model to describe the stress evolution in terms of a kinetic competition between different mechanisms of stress generation and relaxation at the triple junction where the surface and grain boundary intersect.
Abstract: During deposition, many thin films go through a range of stress states, changing from compressive to tensile and back again. In addition, the stress depends strongly on the processing and material parameters. We have developed a simple analytical model to describe the stress evolution in terms of a kinetic competition between different mechanisms of stress generation and relaxation at the triple junction where the surface and grain boundary intersect. The model describes how the steady state stress scales with the dimensionless parameter D/LR where D is the diffusivity, R is the growth rate, and L is the grain size. It also explains the transition from tensile to compressive stress as the microstructure evolves from isolated islands to a continuous film. We compare calculations from the model with measurements of the stress dependence on grain size and growth rate in the steady state regime and of the evolution of stress with thickness for different temperatures.

101 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results provide further evidence of the highly viscoelastic nature of tendon, and demonstrate that relaxation behaviour within isolated tendon fascicles is dominated by fibre sliding mechanisms, which indicate an important functional role for proteoglycans, in controlling the vis coelastic behaviour and the mechanisms of strain transfer within tendon.
Abstract: Tendons are hierarchical fibre composite materials, designed for the efficient transfer of force from muscles to the skeleton. As such, they exhibit high tensile strength, as well as complex viscoelastic and anisotropic characteristics. Although the viscoelastic behaviour has received considerable attention, the mechanisms by which the tendon structure facilitates this behaviour are less well understood. This study examines viscoelasticity within isolated tendon fascicles, using stress relaxation tests to examine how the matrix acts to dissipate load during the relaxation period. The fascicle behaviour during incremental and direct load relaxation tests was examined, using mechanical testing and confocal microscopy to assess the load and structural responses of the tendon, respectively. Results provide further evidence of the highly viscoelastic nature of tendon, and also demonstrate that relaxation behaviour within isolated tendon fascicles is dominated by fibre sliding mechanisms. These data indicate an important functional role for proteoglycans, in controlling the viscoelastic behaviour and the mechanisms of strain transfer within tendon.

101 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present knowledge on the origin of the physical ageing and its effect on the coatings' properties, such as enthalpy relaxation, film contraction, elastic modulus, thermal expansion coefficient, stress relaxation, ultimate properties and thermal stress.

101 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a new procedure is proposed where is favourable cases the master stress relaxation modulus in the rubbery flow region can be resolved in to a discrete distribution of relaxation times, including a well defined maximum relaxation time.
Abstract: Heretofore, the master stress relaxation curves of amorphous polymers could only be resolved by approximation methods into a continuous distribution of relaxation times. This is obviously not entirely satisfactory in all cases, e.g., for Maxwellian stress decay or if the Rouse distribution for the rubbery flow region were truly applicable. A new procedure (termed Procedure X) is proposed where is favourable cases the master stress relaxation modulus in the rubbery flow region can be resolved in to a discrete distribution of relaxation times, including a well defined maximum relaxation time. This procedure was applied to monodisperse and polydisperse polydisperse polystyrene, the latter of heterogeneity index 1.5. It appears that Procedure X gives resonably well defined values for at least the two highest relaxation times in these two cases.

101 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the growth of self-assembled quantum dot on GaAs and showed that the growth process is characterized by the equilibrium between InAs and floating In dominated by the stress energy.
Abstract: In segregation effects during InAs growth on GaAs(001) and critical thickness for InAs self-assembled quantum dots are studied using a real time, in situ technique capable of measuring accumulated stress during growth. Due to a large (∼50%) surface In segregation of floating In, self-assembled dot formation takes place when less than one monolayer of InAs is pseudomorphically grown on GaAs. A picture of the growth process is discussed on the basis of the equilibrium between InAs and floating In dominated by the stress energy.

101 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023145
2022390
2021266
2020276
2019270
2018281