Showing papers on "Strychnos potatorum published in 2012"

Kinetics, mechanism, isotherm and thermodynamic analysis of adsorption of cadmium ions by surface-modified Strychnos potatorum seeds

Abstract: The surface-modified Strychnos potatorum seeds (SMSP) were used as an effective low-cost adsorbent for the removal of cadmium ions from aqueous solution. SMSP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopic analyses. The effect of operating variables such as solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial cadmium ions concentration and temperature on the removal of cadmium ions were studied in a batch mode adsorption operation. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of cadmium ions onto the SMSP were found to be: pH of 5.0, SMSP dose of 2 g/L, contact time of 30min, temperature of 30 °C for an initial cadmium ions concentration of 100 mg/L. Kinetic data were analyzed using the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic equations, intraparticle diffusion model, Boyd kinetic model and shrinking core model. The characteristic parameters for each model have been estimated. Adsorption of cadmium ions onto the SMSP follows the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The rate-limiting steps in the adsorption process were found to be external and internal diffusion. Equilibrium data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model than the Freundlich isotherm model, which yields a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 200 mg/g. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy change, enthalpy change and entropy change were also estimated. The results show that the removal of cadmium ions by the SMSP was found to be spontaneous and exothermic.

Enhancing filtrate quality of turbid water incorporating seeds of Strychnos potatorum, pads of Cactus opuntia and mucilage extracted from the fruits of Coccinia indica as coagulants.

Abstract: In the present study the plant based coagulants namely, the seeds of Strychnos potatorum, pads of Cactus opuntia and mucilage extracted from the fruits of Coccinia indica in powder forms were applied to a water treatment sequence comprising coagulation-flocculation-sedimentationsand filtration. The study was conducted on synthetic turbid water created by kaolin. Emphasis was given to the filtration aspect of the treatment using synthetic turbid water. The performance of filter was defined by the quality of water and the head loss development across the filter bed. The optimum dose obtained from Batch coagulation-sedimentation test conducted for S. potatorum, Cactus and Coccinia indica were 1.5 mg/l, 30 mg/l, 0.5 mg/l were applied for filtration test and turbid waters with the supernatant turbidities obtained from batch coagulationsedimentation test (14 NTU in the case of S. potatorum, 17 NTU in the case of Cactus and 13 NTU in the case of Coccinia indica) were fed as an influent to the filter. The filtrate turbidities obtained after filtration were 0 NTU, 1NTU and 0 NTU which are lesser than 5 NTU (the guideline value recommended by WHO).Thus the use of natural coagulants improved the filtrate quality.

Evaluation of eco-friendly coagulant from Trigonella foenum-graecum seed

Abstract: The ability of seed extracts of Trigonella foenum-graecum (T. foenum-graecum) and Cuminum cyminum (C. cyminum) to act as natural coagulants was tested using natural turbid water. Seed extracts were prepared using distilled water and NaCl (0.5 M and 1.0 M) solution. Only 1.0 M NaCl extract of T. foenum-graecum had coagulation capability and did not depend on pH values. Further it showed that natural coagulant obtained from T. foenum-graecum is temperature (upto 100?C) and pH stable (pH 4.0 - 10.0). Extract of C. cyminum had very minimal (16 ± 2) coagulation property. The seed extract of T. foenum-graecum showed about 80% coagulation properties, where as the best known natural coagulants such as Strychnos potatorum and Moringa oleifera, and chemical coagulant such as Al2(SO4)3 showed around 90%, 65% and 95% respectively, which are used as standards for the present study. When compared with pond water, T. foenum-graecum extract treated water shows decrease in alkalinity, turbidity, KMnO4 demand and total coli-form. This study reveals that seed extract of T. foenum-graecum can be used as natural water coagulant.

Antidiabetic effect of seeds of Strychnos potatorum Linn. in a streptozotocin-induced model of diabetes.

Abstract: The antidiabetic effect of seeds of Strychnos potatorum Linn. was evaluated in a model of diabetes mellitus using streptozotocin (40 mg/kg b.w., i.p.). Changes in fasting blood sugar were estimated periodically for 12 weeks along with weekly measurement of body weight, food and water intake for 4 weeks. The antidia- betic effects were compared with glipizide as the reference hypoglycemic drug. Strychnos potatorum Linn. (100 mg/kg p.o.) significantly reduced fasting blood sugar, the effects being comparable with glipizide (40 mg/kg, p.o.), an established hypoglycemic drug. It also increased body weight along with decreased food and water intake in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Taken together, Strychnos potatorum Linn. shows promise as an effective hypoglycemic compound worthy of future pharmacological investigations.

Recent advances in elucidating the biological and chemical properties of strychnos potatorum linn. f. - a review

Abstract: Strychnos potatorum Linn.F. is a medicinally important endangered forest tree species which belongs to Loganiaceae and is also known as nirmali and clearing nut tree. In traditional medicinal systems like Ayurveda, Siddha and Greek, the plant parts are used for treating eye and urinary tract infections; gonorrhoea and kidney troubles, leucorrhoea, tuberculosis, diabetes, venereal diseases and acute diarrhea. The plant showed the presence of various important phytochemical constituents which may be responsible for many of the pharmacological activities such as diuretic activity, antidiarrhoeal activity, contraceptive efficacy, hepatoprotectivity, antioxidant activity, antiarthritic activity, antiulcerogenic activity, antinociceptive and antipyretic effects. But the mechanism of action for these properties is not fully understood. The findings presented in this review indicate that this plant should be studied more extensively to confirm these properties and to reveal other potential therapeutic uses.

Pharmacognostic Studies of Strychnos potatorum L.f.

Abstract: A B ST R A C T Strychnos potatorum (Clearing nut), an important medicinal plant used in the traditional and folk medicine for treating several aliments including microbial infections, diarrhoea and diabetes. Some of its pharmacognostic studies such as fluorescent, organoleptic, ash and mineral contents of root, stem bark and seed (both collected and market) , and GC- alkaloid profiles of seed have been investigated. Considerable colour variations in the fluorescent behaviour of raw drugs were observed. The highest yields were obtained for the aqueous extracts followed by ethanol, petroleum ether and chloroform extracts. The colour of the extracts thus obtained have from ivory to dark brown and bitter to pungent bitter in taste. Higher values of the total ash and insoluble acid contents were recorded for the stem bark, followed by root and seed samples. Considerable amounts of iron and copper found in all parts of the plant. However, lead, a toxic element was found in trace amount in the market seed sample. Further, the GC-alkaloid profiles of seed samples have shown significant variation in terms of percent area of peaks. Furthermore, the co-TLC study has revealed the absence of strychnine and brucine from the seed sample.

Research article EQUILIBRIUM ISOTHERM STUDIES OF METHYLENE BLUE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION UNTO ACTIVATED CARBON PREPARED FORM STRYCHNOS POTATORUM SEED

Abstract: Methylene blue adsorption from aqueous solution onto activated carbon prepared from strychnos potatorum seed was investigated under various experimental conditions. Batch mode experiments and equilibrium isotherm studies were conducted to assess the potential of the above activated carbon for the removal of Methylene blue from aqueous solution by varying the following three parameters: initial concentration of Methylene blue dye solution, adsorbent dose on the uptake of dye from the solution, and p H. The equilibrium data obtained were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm

Protective effects of Strychnos potatorum Linn. seeds extract in hyperlipidemic rat model

Abstract: Objective : To investigate the antihyperlipidemic activity of aqueous extract of Strychnos potatorum Linn. Seeds in experimentally induced hyperlipidemia in rats. Materials and Methods : Hyperlipidemia was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of triton WR 1339 (Tyloxapol) at a dose of 400mg/kg in rats. The doses of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg of aqueous extract of Strychnos potatorum Linn. Seeds were evaluated for their actions on serum lipid profile. Atorvastatin at a dose of 10mg/kg was used as standard drug. Aqueous extract doses and Atorvastatin were given orally, once immediately and after 24 hours of triton WR 1339 administration. Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were estimated after 6 hour, 24 hour and 48 hour of triton WR 1339 administration. Results : Aqueous extracts of Strychnos potatorum significantly (p<0.05) reduced serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in dose dependent and time dependent manner when compared to hyperlipidemic group. Conclusion : The findings of the investigation suggest that aqueous extract of Strychnos potatorum seeds exhibited quite competitive potential when compared with reference drug Atorvastatin against experimentally induced hyperlipidemia.

5-Hydroxy-8, 4’-Dimethoxyflavanone-7-O-Β-D- Glucopyranoside from the Flowers of Strychnos Potatorum Linn

Abstract: The assessment of Kali river water pollution has been carried out on the basis of calculated values of water quality indices (W.Q.I.). Water quality indices for nine sites have been calculated with the help of estimated values of ten different parameters and drinking water standards prescribed by World Health Organization (W.H.O.). River water was found to be severely polluted at all the sites of study with W.Q.I. values more than 100. People exposed to water sources under study are prone to health hazards of polluted water. Calculated higher values and estimated values of different parameters both; verify the extent of water pollution.