Showing papers on "Stub (electronics) published in 1984"

Planar Circuit Analysis of Microstrip Radial Stub

Abstract: Microstrip radial line stubs are analyzed using a planar circuit technique and characterized for design purposes. Experiments performed on various structures are in excellent agreement with the theory.

Planar Circuit Analysis of Microstrip Radial Stub (Short Paper)

Abstract: Radial-line stubs have been found to work better than low-impedance rectangular stubs when an accurate localization of a zero-point impedance is needed. In this paper, microstrip radial-line stubs are analyzed using a planar circuit technique and characterized for design purposes. Experiments performed on various structures are in excellent agreement with the theory and confirm the suitability of such a structure as an altenative to a conventional straight stub.

Storage cassette for information carriers of high packing density in disc form

Abstract: Known storage cassettes for optically readable information carriers of high packing density in disc form have in their bottom part a central raised support, on which the information carrier is placed in the area not bearing any information. Rising above this raised support in a central location there is a stub arrangement, which engages with its diameter which is adapted to the diameter of the centre hole of the information carrier in the said centre hole and holds the information carrier firmly on the rest by means of a loosely clamping fit. As such commercially available storage cassettes for digital audio discs show, the permissible clamping fit with such a stub arrangement is not sufficient for it to hold the information carrier firmly on the support even when subjected to relatively strong impact loading. It is therefore proposed to hold the information disc (13) firmly in the stub of the stub arrangement (7i), engaging in the centre hole, by means of a form fit and at the same time design the stub in such a way that, due to a reduction in the stub diameter, the form fit can be released when an axial pressure is exerted on the stub end face representing a pressure plate (10).

Intruder detection radar system and automatic nulling antenna array

Abstract: A bistatic VHF Doppler radar is utilized to detect and track one or more intruders crossing a large annular ring surveilance zone surrounding a central high security installation. A central omni-directional transmitter radiates the surveillance zone with a continuous wave (CW) signal. Predetermined ones of a plurality of receiver antennas circumferentially spaced around the surveillance zone receive a portion of the signal which is reflected by an intruder crossing the surveillance zone and a portion of the signal which is directly radiated from the transmitter antenna. The reflected signal portion may be received by antenna arrays each of which is controlled to form a null in its pattern toward the transmitter antenna to overcome direct signal overload. The direct signal portion may be received by stub antennas. Each antenna array and each stub antenna is connected to a separate channel of a dual channel receiver. An intruder moving across the surveillance zone causes signals representative of Doppler cycles of phase change to be generated. The outputs of the two separate channels are compared and their relative phase changes measured. A detected intruder causes an alarm signal at a central processing station and the Doppler information is processed to generate tracking data which is shown on a display device. An automatic null control circuit may also be utilized to accommodate multipath conditions and static clutter due to environmental factors.

Local buckling capacity of C-shaped cold-formed steel sections with punched webs

Abstract: Load tests were carried out on 36 stub column samples of cold-formed steel studs having 38.1 mm wide × 44.5 mm long holes punched through their webs, steel thicknesses of 1.21–2.01 mm, and overall ...

Power supply system

Abstract: 1. A structure for the poWer supply of buildings, residences, offices, apartments, shops or the like, the power supply lines being passed from a connection or central (7) having overcurrent of fault current circuit breakers to individual power outlets (9) such as sockets, light or wall outlets or the like which are at least partially controllable or switchable by power switching points (10), for instance light or lighting fixture switches, each power switching point (10) being provided with one each signalling circuit (11) and the controllable or switchable power outlets (9) having one each signal receiving circuit (13), at least one, preferably two or more, control line(s) (1, 2) for weak current signals connecting the power switching points (10) at least with the controllable or switchable power outlets (9), the control lines (1, 2) serving for the transmission of coded switch signals from the power switching points (10) to the power outlets (9) for the actuation of power switching means (15), for instance relays, thyristors, triacs, in the power outlets (9) and the power supply lines (R, S, T, 0) being laid together with the control line(s) (1,2) in the form of an optionally not closed ring circuit and stub lines emanating therefrom, characterized in that the ring circuit and the stub lines are formed of flat lines (30) of optionally trapezoidal cross section and comprising the power supply lines (R, S, T), a zero conductor (0), a ground wire (E) and the control lines (1, 2), that the individual portions of the flat line (30) are connected to one another by connecting and/or branching elements (5, 8, 35, 36) containing conductors extending the power and control lines, that the flat lines (30) are connectable to the terminals of wall boxes (27) adapted to the flat lines and having continuous conductor tracks (32) of preferably determined position for the power and control lines, that modules insertable or pluggable into the wall boxes (27) are provided, the modules being formed as power outlets (9) with the signal receiving circuit (13) and/or as power switching point (10) with the signalling circuit (11) and having contact means (31, 151, 166) for picking up power and control signals connectable in the course of insertion of the module with the conductor tracks (32) for power or control signals continuing in the wall blox (32), that, in particular in the case of a reduction of the cross section of the power conductors, the controllable or switchable power outlets (9) and the power outlets (9') with free power supply in the stub line leading to the power outlet (9) in the wall box (27) each have an electronic overcurrent monitoring circuit (16) and that a cut-off signal appearing at the respective outlet of the monitoring circuit in the event of a current flow exceeding a predetermined value is feedable to a control circuit (14) of the power switching means (15) and/or via the control line(s) (1, 2) of the flat line (30) to the central (7) for actuating the fault current and/or overcurrent circuit breakers provided in the central.

Pressure transducer and mounting

Abstract: A capacitive pressure transducer whose diaphragm is formed of single crystal, highly doped silicon by etching in opposite sides the recesses which define the deflecting region of the diaphragm. This deflecting region serves as one electrode of the transducer. Two support plates of silicon are anodically bonded to opposite sides of the diaphragm along its periphery using thin layers of borosilicate glass to form with the etched recesses pressure receiving cavities. These thin layers of borosilicate glass are interposed between the diaphragm and a support plate, and extend over the entire surface of the support plate facing the diaphragm to provide for electrical isolation as well as the bonding between the diaphragm and the support plates. These layers of glass are made as thin as possible consistent with the need to maintain the stray capacitance below a certain value. The transducer is mounted to a pressure receiving assembly by using a silicon stub having a passage for communicating one pressure to be measured to the transducer. The stub is joined at one end to the transducer by anodic bonding using a thin layer of borosilicate glass. A weldable tube is attached to the stub. This tube is long with respect to the stub and has a reduced diameter at one end which fits into the passage of the stub. The reduced diameter is kept at a minimum. The tube is welded to the pressure receiving body at its end to provide mechanical isolation for the transducer.

Medium Frequency Reradiation from a Steel Tower Power Line with and without a Detuner

Abstract: Measurements and computations of field strengths and tower base currents are presented for a power line section consisting of 5 towers strung with skywires and illuminated by a nearby monopole antenna. This is done first without detuning stubs, and then with detuning stubs on one tower to reduce the re-radiation. Good agreement is obtained between moment-method computations and full-scale measurements. Computational modelling techniques to represent the power line, the detuning stubs and ground effects are given and validated. The beneficial effect of increased stub spacing from the tower leg is identified.

A New Kind of Radial Stub and Some Applications

Abstract: A slight different kind of radial stub is presented in this work which is, basicaly, a triangular taper on the planar transmission line being used (e.g. microstrip, stripline, etc.). Its shape is an isosceles triangle (as the Greek letter "delta"). The simplification on its contour was made just to allow the synthesis method to be iterative in nature. The "delta" dimensions are evaluated from the desired reactance, the angle "?", the frequency and the substrate parameters. (see fig. 1). Some practical results and applications are also presented.

Sealing sleeve with a connecting sleeve for the liquid and/or gastight mounting on a connecting stub

Abstract: Sealing sleeve of a polymeric material of low elasticity and with at least one connecting sleeve for the liquid-and/or gastight connection to a connecting stub wherein the connecting sleeve has an inner circumference which is smaller or larger than the outer circumference of the connecting stub, wherein the connecting sleeve has a folding extending substantially non-parallel to the circumferential direction and is thus adaptable to the diameter of the connecting stub.

Apparatus for testing the air-permeability of lengths of textiles

Abstract: An air-permeability measuring apparatus for textiles includes a measuring fork having first and second rigid legs disposed in parallel overlying relations. A first double pipe stub is displacably mounted to the first leg and has inner and outer stub parts providing an inner flow channel and an annular flow channel. A second double pipe stub is mounted into the second leg and includes inner and outer stub parts providing a second inner flow channel and a second annular flow channel. The double pipe stubs are coaxial and the first double pipe stub is adapted for being displaced between an insert position and a clamping position and in the clamping position the inner and annular flow channels are aligned and communicate. A pipe extends from each of the second inner and annular flow channels and the pipes are connected to an exhauster which exerts a vacuum on the inner and annular flow channels and thereby induces air flow therethrough. A control valve is disposed in the pipe extending from the second annular flow channel and regulates the air flow therewith. A measuring apparatus is associated with the pipe extending from the inner flow channel and measures the air flow therethrough. A control system is operably connected to the control valve and the exhauster and assures constant pressure on each of the inner and annular flow channels.

An Improved Model for Short- and Open-Circuited Series Stubs in Fin Lines

Abstract: This paper presents empirical closed-form expressions for the scattering parameters of series stubs in single-ridge, unilateral fin line with narrow gap width. These expressions show the effect of fin gap width, stub length, and frequency and are suitable for computer-aided design.

Device for detecting the presence of material to be conveyed on the lateral area of a rotating carrier

Abstract: 1. Equipment for recognising the presence of stock to be transported on the shell surface of a rotating transport body (2) with the aid of an optielectrical unit containing an optical transmitter (20) and an optical receiver (21) as well as a circuit arrangement for signal evaluation, wherein the optical transmitter (20) and the optical receiver (21) are arranged to be stationary and the transmission of the light beam bundle emitted by the optical transmitter to the optical receiver takes place by means of optical conductors (8, 9), which by their one end (8', 9') open freely into the scanning zone (4) of the rotating transport body (2) and by their other end (8", 9") are led in axial direction out of the transport body (2) to the optical receiver (21), characterised thereby, that the opti-electrical unit operates on the reflection principle and the ends (8", 9") of the optical conductors (8, 9), which serve for the transmission of the transmitted light beam bundle and of the reflected light beam bundle, are so led out of the transport body (2) that the end (8") of the optical conductor (8) also embodying the transmitted light channel is arranged centrally in a bore (10) in the shaft stub (12) of the transport body (2) and the end (9") of the optical conductor (9) also embodying the reflected light channel is housed in a bore (17) lying eccentrically of the central axis of the shaft stub (12), wherein the shaft stub (12) is borne to be rotatable in a component (19) containing the optical transmitter (20) and the optical receiver (21) and the end (8") of the optical conductor (8) cooperates with the optical transmitter (20) and the end (9") of the optical conductor (9) co-operates with the optical receiver (21).

Cryostat vessel wall spacing system

Abstract: A plurality of rigid spacer stubs (72, 74, 76) are secured between the vessel walls (60, 62, 64, 66) of adjacent vessels. The spacer stubs (72) are mounted on the wall of an inner vessel (60) to extend axially outwardly. A plurality of stub caps (84) are secured to the adjacent vessel wall of a next outer vessel (62), with each stub cap having a recess designed to retain one of the spacer stubs therein. Each spacer stub engages its respective stub cap and is retained within the recess thereof when the walls of the nested vessels are at substantially the same temperature to uniformly and rigidly space apart the vessel walls of the nested vessels. When the vessel walls thermally contract because of the introduction of low temperature liquified gas into the inner vessel, each of the spacer stubs is withdrawn from its respective recess a distance sufficient to disengage said spacer stub and stub cap.

Track-bound electric motor vehicle

Abstract: Disclosed is a driving arrangement for an electric motor vehicle in which each of the two wheels of an axle is supported on separate shaft sections. Each motor or each rotor of a dual rotor motor drives only one driving wheel of an axle in order to mechanically decouple the driving wheels. One of the separate shaft sections of the axles includes a tapered portion which forms a shaft stub and the other shaft section includes a hollow shaft stub. The tapered shaft stub is supported in the hollow shaft stub by a slide bearing disposed inside the hollow shaft stub. Speed differences at the slide bearing between the axle sections can result only from slippage when negotiating a turn or from uneven wear of, for example, the wheels.

Method of safeguarding a liquid in a tank against theft, and fixing element for the execution of the method

Abstract: not available for EP0144363Abstract of corresponding document: WO8404501Method of safeguarding a tank against theft, for example a fuel tank on a vehicle, whereby an expansion element is permanently mounted in the tank's filling stub, said element being arranged to be locked by a spring force and to allow through-flow. The method is characteristic in that before the expansion element is inserted, one sets it in the folded position by means of a fixing element, the strength characteristics of which are reduced by contact with the liquid. A fixing element (5) for the excution of the method is described. The fixing element (5) can be designed for use in connection with an expansion element in the form of a coil spring (4), and be bar-shaped with a transverse hole in each end. For use in the filling stub of a fuel tank, the fixing element (5) can be made of polystyrene. The method according to the invention makes the fitting of the discussed type of theft-safeguard considerably easier than is possible with hitherto-known methods.

Snow ski transporting device

Abstract: This invention relates to a ski carrier that has a wheel removable mounted on each upper surface of the tail end of two skis. The wheels are on stub axles that are received on the upper surface of the ski and allow the skis to be transported when the bottom of the skis are adjacent each other. In one embodiment a strap extends between each of the two wheels.

Branching and combining device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To attain easy manufacture and broad-band characteristics by providing respectively a stub to inter-stages tying linearly lines and ports of an inter- stage connecting section of a branching and combining device of multistage constitution formed by the strip lines. CONSTITUTION:The stub 9 is provided between the lines 4 and 5 tying linearly the ports P1 and P3 of the branching and combining device of two-stage formed by the strip lines and the stub 10 is provided between the lines 6 and 7. Further, the stub 8 is provided at the middle of the line 2 serving as the inter-stage connecting section between the lines 4, 5 and the lines 6, 7. The broad-band branching or combining is attained by providing the stubs 8, 9 and 10 because the distribution characteristic from the port P1 to the port P3 or the port P4 is coincident with each other over a broad band and the distribution characteristic from the port P2 to the port P3 or the port P4 is coincident similarly. Further, the insertion loss is decreased. Since a desired distribution characteristic is obtained without thinning the width of the lines 1 and 3 too much, the advantage of ease of manufacture is attained.

Gourmet hot tamale machine

Abstract: Disclosed is a hand powered, crank operated structure whose principal moving component is a horizontal and generally cylindrical barrel having built thereon a pair of stub loading extending tubes from one side of the barrel. These stub tubes are disported in parallel and side-by-side fashion, and one of them, for instance the dough tube, lies to the left, closer to the discharge end of the barrel than the other, the meat or filler tube. The barrel is allowed to rest on the horizontal base of the machine's framework with its solid end, opposed to the discharge end, supported by and extending through an end wall of the framework and connected to a hand lever. The lever is used to rotate the barrel between two positions of the stub tubes, one at 45 degrees in which the tube ends are exposed for convenient loading, and a vertical position in which such ends are covered by a pair of overhanging fixed sleeves which serve as guides for a pair of vertically reciprocating rams which are lowered through a power stroke by the use of a hand crank. The right hand ram pushes down on the meat or other filler loaded into the right hand stub tube and pushes the meat through a centrally disposed longitudinal tube mounted on the axis of the barrel and extending to its discharge end. At the same time, the left hand ram contacts the dough or masa in the left hand stub tube and forces it into an interconnecting annulus of a second long tube also mounted on the longitudinal axis of the barrel, coaxially with the central tube and extending to the same discharge end. At the end of the power stroke, nothing further can be extruded from the discharge orifice of the barrel, and the operator makes a clean cut of the extruded hot tamale, wraps it in a corn shuck preparatory to steaming (not involved here), and reverses the action of the hand crank to raise the rams and thus free the stub loading tubes for rotation to the 45 degree position to start a second cycle.

Jig for water cooled welding

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a titled jig which minimizes residual stress and sensitization and can improve SCC resistance, by constituting the same in such a way that the ejection holes for cooling water are beforehand adjusted to enable the cooling of the weld heat affected zones on both base pipe side and nozzle stub side in the weld zone of the nozzle stub. CONSTITUTION:A nozzle stub 2 is mounted in the weld zone 3 of a base pipe 1, and after the initial layer in the weld zone 3 is subjected to TIG welding, a jig for water cooling consisting of a forward end part 4A and an intermediate part 4B is mounted to the nozzle stub 2 to spray water and cool the nozzle stub. The cooling is accomplished by adjusting beforehand the holes in the part 4A and part 4B of the jig by a mockup so that both of the heat affected zone A on the base pipe side and the heat affected zone B on the nozzle stub side are thoroughly cooled. The welding in the weld zone 3 is completed under such cooling.

Converter of waveguide-strip line

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a converter having excellent characteristics with less VSWR and the constitution of the probe of which is simple, by providing a capacitive stub between a connecting point of the probe and a microstrip line, and the microstrip line in the vicinity so as to correct the discontinuity of an impedance produced at the connecting point by means of the circuit. CONSTITUTION:One end of the probe 3 is projected in a rectangular waveguide 1 and the other end is connected to a strip conductor 5 by penetrating a guide wall hole 4 provided to the rectangular waveguide 1. The capacitive stub 6 is provided on the microstrip line 2 near the probe 3. A capacitor 8 is an equivalent capacitor of the capacitive stub 6 and corrects impedance mismatching due to an inductance 7. It is seen from the frequency characteristics of the reflecting characteristics of a conventional waveguide-strip line converter and of this invention that the characteristics are improved remarkably by the circuit constitution at the microstrip line side in dotted lines of this invention more than that solid lines of the convensional example.

Design of MIC Broadband Loads and Attenuators

Abstract: Design tables for broadband terminations are presented. The termination circuits consist of one or two ?/4 transmission lines in cascade loaded with a resistance in series with an open circuit stub. Since no holes in the substrate or metallic connections with the groundplanes are needed the design is suitable for printed circuits. Measurements have been made on a termination which had a total length of ?/2. The bandwidth was designed to be 85 percent. The experimental result is close to the theoretical predictions. Broadband terminations of this kind may be used in a number of ways. An example of a broadband modified Pi-attenuator without a ground connection is included.

Apparatus for removing and fitting a wheel of a toy

Abstract: A wheel is fitted to and removed from the axle stub, which is provided with a slotted thickened portion, of a toy vehicle, a first insert for pulling off a wheel and a second insert for pushing on a wheel being interchangeably arranged on the supporting part of the fitting apparatus.

Windscreen wiper with enhanced cleaning

Abstract: The reciprocating drive stub (18) is fitted with a wiper arm (16) for normal wiping. The second wiper arm is loosely attached to the stub mounting and is coupled to the stub drive by a selective clutch (64) operated by a solenoid (46). The second arm is driven by the same drive, and with the same speed- and phase. The solenoid clutch operates an axial grip on a pivotted catch, and is reset with spring force.

Coaxial phase shifter

Abstract: PURPOSE:To attain phase shift without loss due to reflection and leakage in the transmission of high power microwave by providing a coaxial stub having a branch line of 1/4 wavelength and connecting freely slidably a transmission line for changing the length of line to at least one of an input and an output terminal of said stud in the transmission circuit of microwave band. CONSTITUTION:The length from a short-circuited termination of a branch line of the coaxial stub to its branching point and the length of a section 33 of a low impedance tying the input and output terminal of the coaxial stub are selected to 1/4 and 1/2 of the coaxial waveguide length. Now, the operating center frequency is demoted as F0, an operating frequency lower than the F0, as F1 and an operating frequency higher than the F0, as F2. The phase of an admittance Ys of a part of an input side of lambda0/4 at a low impedance at the frequency F1 lower than the F0 is rotated by pi.F0/F1 radians and the Ys is converted into a capacitive admittance at a branching point 37. On the contrary, the admittance y1 when viewing the branch line from the branching point is inductive. Thus, the matching is attained at the input frequency F1 or F2.

High frequency circuit

Abstract: PURPOSE:To make the matching work between prestage and poststage elements easy by providing a hole-shaped circuit-missing part at an intermediate part of a conductor connecting the prestage circuit element and the poststage circuit element. CONSTITUTION:An input terminal 2 and an output terminal 3 are provided to a board 1 via connecting conductors 5, 5 and an FET15. The connecting conductor 5 is provided with a matching stub 7, and the hole-shaped circuit-missing part 8 is formed to a part by means of an etching means. A length L2 of the stub 7 from its root 7a to the circuit-missing part 8 is matched to the electric characteristic of the 2nd priority of a circuit element of the poststage side scheduled for its use and set to a location attaining the matching state as to the element. In using a different kind as the FET15 or capacitors 13, 14, the circuit-missing part 8 of the stub 7 is cut off by a knife or the like. Thus, the matching work is attained easily.

R. F. Circuit

Abstract: An R.F. circuit, for example an R.F. mixer circuit comprising an insulating substrate (3) in an E-plane of a rectangular waveguide (not shown) comprises an first portion including a (quasi) TEM transmission line (15, 13) for propagating R.F. energy at substantially different first and second frequencies (L.O. and I.F. respectively) and a second portion including a waveguide for propagating R.F. energy at the first frequency (L.O.). Between the waveguide and the transmission line (15, 13) area filter (14) for passing the first frequency (L.O.) and blocking the second (I.F.), and a mode transducer (11). To inhibit the mode transducer (11) from acting as a stub weakly coupled via the filter (14) to the second portion of the circuit at the second frequency (I.F.), but without affecting coupling at the first frequency (L.O.), stub means (27-30) substantially short-circuit the mode transducer (11) adjacent the filter (14). When the second frequency (I.F.) is much less than the first (L.O.), the stub means may comprise a stub (27) which is a quarter wavelength long at the first frequency (L.O.), and hence much shorter at the second frequency (I.F.), and which is short- circuited at its free end (28) by a conductive connection through the substrate (3).

Highrise Building Reradiation and Detuning at MF

Abstract: An evaluation of the reradiation from highrise buildings in the MF broadcast band is presented. Scattered field measurements were made at MF on buildings of the order of one quarter wavelength in electrical height and at UHF on scale models. A computational model incorporating the effects of lossy ground and building materials was developed using moment-method techniques. Reduction of scattering is demonstrated, both for models and a full-scale building, using simple wire detuning stubs to modify the induced RF currents. The current distributions resulting in the decrease of scattering are described for a vertical stub like those used in power line detuning, and for two related new designs, a rooftop stub and the "umbrella" stub. The latter is shown to be the most effective, yielding scattered field reductions of the order of 6dB in fullscale tests.

Arrangement for a combined tank cover and emptying tube

Abstract: Arrangement for such combined sealing covers and emptying tubes as are encountered in particular in fuel tanks and which exhibit a cover (1) with an attachment part in the form of a thread (5, 6) extending towards the middle of the cover from either end of same, in conjunction with which an emptying tube (8) or similar extends from the cover in one direction. The arrangement is intended to be attached to an emptying stub (11) in such a way that the tube (8) either faces inwards into the tank or similar (12) on which the emptying stub is situated, or outwards away from same. In the first case a sealing plug (2) is attached to the attachment part (6) which faces outwards in this position. The other attachment part (5) is attached to the stub (11). In the second position the first-mentioned attachment part (6) is attached to the stub whilst the plug (2) is removed. Connected to the cover (1) is a device (3) which is capable of being displaced between two positions, a first position in which the device covers the plug (2) in such a way that, when it is attached to the first-mentioned attachment part (6), it is prevented from being removed, and a second position (2, 3) in which the device is displaced in such a way that the removal of the plug from the attachment part (6) is possible. The device is so arranged as to be forced into its first position when the arrangement is in said sealing position on the stub (11) with its second attachment part (5), and in such a way as to be free to adopt its second position when the arrangement is at least partially removed from the stub (11) with the second attachment part (5).

Variable attenuator using reflecting type constant phase diode

Abstract: PURPOSE:To make the frequency characteristics broad and to attain miniaturization and low loss, by constituting a stub near a diode with a short stub added to an open stub. CONSTITUTION:A high frequency signal inputted from a terminal 2a of a circulator 2 passes through a microstrip main line via a terminal 2b, is reflected at the diode 3, and passes again through the microstrip main line and the terminal 2b, and is outputted to a terminal 2c. The normalized admittance of the diode 3 under a bias is shown in a curve 7 of the Smith chart and the susceptance is constant as a curve 11. The conductance component is obtained as shown in a line segment 12 by adding the short stub 10 having l4 length to a position of the microstrip main line returned from the diode 3 by l3 along the main line.