Subarachnoid hemorrhage

About: Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 18357 publications have been published within this topic receiving 470200 citations. The topic is also known as: subarachnoid haemorrhage & SAH.

Neurology of the Newborn

Abstract: Neural Tube Formation and Prosencephalic Neuronal Proliferation, Migration, Organization and Myelination The Neurological Examination: Normal and Abnormal Features Specialized Studies in the Neurological Evaluation Neonatal Seizures Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Biochemical and Physiological Aspects Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Intrauterine Assessment Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Neuropathology and Pathogenesis Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Clinical Aspects Intracranial Hemorrhage: Subdural, Primary Subarachnoid, Intracerebellar, Intraventricular (Term Infant) and Miscellaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage: Germinal Matrix Intraventricular Hemorrhage or the Premature Infant Hypoglycemia and Brain Injury Bilirubin and Brain Injury Hyperammonemia and Other Disorders of Amino Acid Metabolism Disorders of Organic Acid Metabolism Degenerative Diseases of the Newborn Neuromuscular Disorders: Motor System, Evaluation and Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita Neuromuscular Disorders: Levels Above the Lower Motor Neuron to the Neuromuscular Junction Neuromuscular Disorders: Muscle Improvement and Restricted Disorders Viral, Protozoan and Related Intracranial Infections Bacterial and Fungal Intracranial Infections Injuries of Extracranial, Cranial, Intracranial, Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nervous System Structures Brain Tumors and Vein of Galen Malformations Teratogenic Effects of Drugs and Passive Addiction

Noninvasive transcranial Doppler ultrasound recording of flow velocity in basal cerebral arteries

Abstract: In this report the authors describe a noninvasive transcranial method of determining the flow velocities in the basal cerebral arteries. Placement of the probe of a range-gated ultrasound Doppler instrument in the temporal area just above the zygomatic arch allowed the velocities in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) to be determined from the Doppler signals. The flow velocities in the proximal anterior (ACA) and posterior (PCA) cerebral arteries were also recorded at steady state and during test compression of the common carotid arteries. An investigation of 50 healthy subjects by this transcranial Doppler method revealed that the velocity in the MCA, ACA, and PCA was 62 +/- 12, 51 +/0 12, and 44 +/- 11 cm/sec, respectively. This method is of particular value for the detection of vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage and for evaluating the cerebral circulation in occlusive disease of the carotid and vertebral arteries.

Relation of Cerebral Vasospasm to Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Visualized by Computerized Tomographic Scanning

Abstract: In 47 cases of verified ruptured saccular aneurysm, we investigated the relationship of the amount and distribution of subarachnoid blood detected by computerized tomography to the later development of cerebral vasospasm. When the subarachnoid blood was not detected or was distributed diffusely, severe vasospasm was almost never encounters (1 of 18 cases). In the presence of subarachnoid blood clots larger than 5 X 3 mm (measured on the reproduced images) or layers of blood 1 mm or more thick in fissures and vertical cisterns, severe spasm followed almost invariably (23 of 24 cases). There was an almost exact correspondence between the site of the major subarachnoid blood clots and the location of severe vasospasm. Every patient with severe vasospasm manifested delayed symptoms and signs. Excellent correlation existed between the particular artery in vasospasm and the delayed clinical syndrome. Severe vasospasm involved the anterior cerebral artery in 20 cases and the middle cerebral artery in only 14. As the grading system used is partly subjective, the findings should be regarded as preliminary. The results, if confirmed, indicate that blood localized in the subarachnoid space in sufficient amount at specific sites is the only important etiological factor in vasospasm. It should be possible to identify patients in jeopardy from vasospasm and institute early preventive measures. (Neurosurgery, 6: 1--9, 1980)

The International Cooperative Study on the Timing of Aneurysm Surgery. Part 1 Overall management results

Abstract: The International Cooperative Study on the Timing of Aneurysm Surgery evaluated the results of surgical and medical management in 3521 patients between December, 1980, and July, 1983. At admission, 75% of patients were in good neurological condition and surgery was performed in 83%. At the 6-month evaluation, 26% of the patients had died and 58% exhibited a complete recovery. Vasospasm and rebleeding were the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in addition to the initial bleed. Predictors for mortality included the patient's decreased level of consciousness and increased age, thickness of the subarachnoid hemorrhage clot on computerized tomography, elevated blood pressure, preexisting medical illnesses, and basilar aneurysms. The results presented here document the status of management in the 1980's.