Topic
Subsistence agriculture
About: Subsistence agriculture is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8069 publications have been published within this topic receiving 156876 citations. The topic is also known as: subsistence farming.
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TL;DR: Economic and integrated modelling using future scenarios suggest that changes in temperature and primary production could reduce fish productivity and fisheries income especially in the Volta and Bangladesh deltas, however these losses could be mitigated by reducing overfishing and improving management.
68 citations
TL;DR: The Piltdown forgery was exposed by as mentioned in this paper, who found a palaeolithic human skull and mandible in a flint-bearing gravel overlying the Wealden.
Abstract: DAWSON, CHARLES, AND ARTHUR SMITH WOODWARD. I9I3. On the discovery of a palaeolithic skull and mandible in a flint-bearing gravel overlying the Wealden. (Hastings Beds) at Piltdown, Fletching (Sussex). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 69 (March):II7-5I. . I9I4. Supplementary note on the discovery of a palaeolithic human skull and mandible at Piltdown (Sussex). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 70 (April):8.2-99. . I9I5. On a bone implement from Piltdown (Sussex). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 7I (March): I44-49. DE VRIES, H., AND KENNETH P. OAKLEY. I959. Radiocarbon dating of the Piltdown skull and jaw. Nature i84:224-25. ESSEX, ROBERT. I955. The Piltdown plot: A hoax that grew. Kent and Sussex Journal, July-September, pp.94-95. GOULD , STEPHEN JAY. 1980. The Piltdown conspiracy. Natural History 8o (8):I2I-24. . I98I. Piltdown in letters. Natural History go (6):I2-30. GREGORY, WILLIAM KING. I9I4. The dawn man of Piltdown, England. American Museum Journal I4 (May):I89-200. HALSTEAD, L. B. I978. New light on the Piltdown hoax? Nature 276:II-13. HARRISSON, TOM. I959. The Piltdown forgery: A. H. Everett and Niah. Sarawak Museum Journal 9:I47-50. HRDLICKA, ALES. i922. The Piltdown jaw. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 5:337-47. LANGHAM, IAN. I978. Talgai and Piltdown: The common context. Artefact 3:I8 I-224. LYNE, H. COURTNEY. I9I6. The significance of radiographs of the Piltdown teeth. Royal Society of Medicine, Proceedings 9 (3):33-62. MARSTON, ALVAN. I952. Reasons why the Piltdown canine tooth and mandible could not belong to Piltdown man. British Dental Journal 93:I-I4. MATTHEWS, L. HARRISON. I98I. Piltdown man: The missing links. New Scientist 90:280-282, 376, 5I5-i6, 578-79, 64748, 7IO-II, 785, 86I-62; 9i:26-28. MILLAR, R. I974. The Piltdown men: A case of archaeological fraud. London: Granada. MILLER, GERRIT S. I9I5. The jaw of Piltdown. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 65:I-3I. M O N T A G U, M. F. A S H L E Y. I 95 I. The Piltdown mandible and cranium. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 9:464-
68 citations
01 Jan 2001
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a collection of case studies from the Americas and Asia that address the interplay among subsistence activities, craft production, and the global market, and show that people can and do employ innovative opportunities to develop their talents, and in the process strengthen their ethnic identities.
Abstract: With new markets opening up for goods produced by artisans from all parts of the world, craft commercialization and craft industries have become key components of local economies. Now with the emergence of the Fair Trade movement and public opposition to sweatshop labor, many people are demanding that artisans in third world countries not be exploited for their labor. Bringing together case studies from the Americas and Asia, this timely collection of articles addresses the interplay among subsistence activities, craft production, and the global market. It contributes to current debates on economic inequality by offering practical examples of the political, economic, and cultural issues surrounding artisan production as an expressive vehicle of ethnic and gender identity. Striking a balance between economic and ethnographic analyses, the contributors observe what has worked and what hasn't in a range of craft cooperatives and show how some artisans have expanded their entrepreneurial role by marketing crafts in addition to producing them. Among the topics discussed are the accommodation of craft traditions in the global market, fair trade issues, and the emerging role of the anthropologist as a proactive agent for artisan groups. As the gap between rich and poor widens, the fate of subsistence economies seems more and more uncertain. The artisans in this book show that people can and do employ innovative opportunities to develop their talents, and in the process strengthen their ethnic identities. ContentsIntroduction: Facing the Challenges of Artisan Production in the Global Market / Kimberly M. Grimes and B. Lynne MilgramDemocratizing International Production and Trade: North American Alternative Trading Organizations / Kimberly M. GrimesBuilding on Local Strengths: Nepalese Fair Trade Textiles / Rachel MacHenry"That They Be in the Middle, Lord": Women, Weaving, and Cultural Survival in Highland Chiapas, Mexico / Christine E. EberThe International Craft Market: A Double-Edged Sword for Guatemalan Maya Women / Martha LyndOf Women, Hope, and Angels: Fair Trade and Artisan Production in a Squatter Settlement in Guatemala City / Brenda RosenbaumReorganizing Textile Production for the Global Market: Women s Craft Cooperatives in Ifugao, Upland Philippines / B. Lynne MilgramTextile Production in Rural Oaxaca, Mexico, and the Complexities of the Global Market for Handmade Crafts / Jeffrey H. Cohen"Part-Time for Pin Money": The Legacy of Navajo Women s Craft Production / Kathy M CloskeyThe Hard Sell: Anthropologists as Brokers of Crafts in the Global Marketplace / Andrew CauseyPostscript: To Market, To Market / June Nash"
68 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: Ponam Island, a small community in Manus Province, Papua New Guinea, is the subject of an innovative study as discussed by the authors, which describes the links between a peripheral village society and the national economy and institutions in a way that will interest all those concerned with development and underdevelopment.
Abstract: Ponam Island, a small community in Manus Province, Papua New Guinea, is the subject of this innovative study. The authors extend the criticism within anthropology of ethnographies that attempt to analyze village communities without reference to the nations of which they are a part, and that equate the traditional and the exotic with the untouched. They do so by describing the links between a peripheral village society and Papua New Guinea's national economy and institutions, in a way that will interest all those concerned with development and underdevelopment. The analysis focuses on major socioeconomic areas of village life: education, migration, wage employment, and remittance; trade, commerce, and exchange; subsistence fishing; ceremonial exchange. The authors' findings challenge the idea that colonial and Western-oriented encroachment leads to the decay of village societies or to their adopting Western values and practices. Ponam has been under significant Western influence for almost a century, yet the society has not decayed. It remains flourishing and generative, uniquely itself and neither blindly traditional nor mindlessly Western.
68 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Aka hunter-gatherers lead a dual mode of life in the forest and the village, where they mainly depend on wild animal and plant food and on agricultural food in the "illage" and their activities are influenced by the fluctuation in the availability of wild food resources that does not fall into a simple annual cycle.
Abstract: In central Africa. a close relationship exists between the cultivators and the hunter-gatherers (Pygmies), who depend on agricultural foods exchanged for forest pro ducts or labor. In northeastern Congo, the Aka hunter-gatherers lead a dual mode of life in the forest and the village. They mainly depend on wild animal and plant food in the forest, whereas on agricultural food in the "illage. Their subsistence activities are influenced by the fluctuation in the availability of wild food resources that does not fall into a simple annual cycle. but fluctuates from year to year. The subsistence acthities of the Aka are more com plex than the other hunter-gatherers, and dependent on the ecology of the tropical rain forest and the local economy in northeastern Congo.
68 citations