Topic
Subsistence agriculture
About: Subsistence agriculture is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8069 publications have been published within this topic receiving 156876 citations. The topic is also known as: subsistence farming.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a spatially explicit model of land use and estimates probabilities of alternative land uses as a function of land characteristics and distance to market using a multinomial logit specification of this model.
Abstract: Rural roads promote economic development, but they also facilitate deforestation. To explore this tradeoff, this article develops a spatially explicit model of land use and estimates probabilities of alternative land uses as a function of land characteristics and distance to market using a multinomial logit specification of this model. Controls are incorporated for the endogeneity of road placement. The model is applied to data for southern Belize, an area experiencing rapid expansion of both subsistence and commercial agriculture, using geographic information system (GIS) techniques to select sample points at 1 kilometer intervals. Market access, land quality, and tenure status affect the probability of agricultural land use synergistically, having differential effects on the likelihood of commercial versus semi subsistence farming. The results suggest that road building in areas with agriculturally poor soils and low population densities may be lose-lose proposition, causing habitat fragmentation and providing low economic returns.
772 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: Three Basic Rights: Security and Subsistence, and relative duties353Liberty and Secession: as discussed by the authors, 2001.Preface to the Second EditionPreface of the First EditionForeword
Abstract: Preface to the Second EditionPreface to the First EditionForewordIntroduction5IThree Basic Rights111Security and Subsistence132Correlative Duties353Liberty65IIThree Challenges to Subsistence Rights894Realism and Responsibility915Affluence and Responsibility1116Nationality and Responsibility131Afterword: Right-grounded Duties and the International Turn153Notes181Bibliography229Index231
766 citations
Book•
15 Dec 1999
TL;DR: Bennett et al. as mentioned in this paper evaluated the impact and sustainability of sustainable hunting at multiple Amazonian forest sites and concluded that the current hunting practices by the Huaorani are not sustainable.
Abstract: 1. Hunting for the Snark, by Elizabeth L. Bennett and John G. RobinsonI: Biological Limits to Sustainability2. Carrying Capacity Limits to Sustainable Hunting in Tropical Forests, by John G. Robinson and Elizabeth L. Bennett3. Evaluating the Impact and Sustainability of Subsistence Hunting at Multiple Amazonian Forest Sites, by Carlos A. Peres4. The Sustainability of Current Hunting Practices by the Huaorani, by Patricio Mena V., Jody R. Stallings, Jhanira Regalado B. and Ruben Cueva L.5. Sustainability of Ach Hunting in the Mbaracayu Reserve, Paraguay, by Kim Hill and Jonathan Pad6. Impact of Sustainability of Indigenous Hunting in the Ituri Forest, Congo-Zaire: A Comparison of Unhunted and Hunted Duiker Populations, by John A. Har7. Threatened Mammals, Subsistence Harvesting, and High Human Population Densities: A Recipe for Disaster?, by Clare D. FitzGibbon, Hezron Mogaka, and John H. Fanshawe8. Hunted Animals in Bioko Island, West Africa: Sustainability and Future, by John E. Fa9. Differential Vulnerability of Large Birds and Mammals to Hunting in North Sulawesi, by Timothy G. O'Brien and Margaret F. Ki10. The Impact of Traditional Subsistence Hunting and Trapping on Prey Populations: Data from Wana Horticulturalists of Upland Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, by Michael AlvardII: Sociocultural Context Influencing Sustainability11. A Pound of Flesh: Social Change and Modernization as Factors in Hunting Sustainability Among Neootropical Indigenous Societie, by Allyn MacLean Stearman12. Wildlife Conservation and Game Harvest by Maya Hunters in Quintana Roo, Mexico, by Jeffrey P. Jorgenson13. The Sustainability of Subsistence Hunting by the Sirion Indians of Bolivia, by Wendy R. Townsend14. Cable Snares and Nets in the Central African Republic, by Andrew Noss15. Saving Borneo's Bacon: The Sustainability of Hunting in Sarawak and Sabah, by Elizabeth L. Bennett, Adrian J. Nyaoi, and Jephte Sompud16. Agta Hunting and Sustainability of Resource Use in Northeastern Luzon, Philippines, by P. Bion Griffin and Marcus B. GriffinIII: Institutional Capacity for Management17. Hunting for an Answer: Is Local Hunting Compatible with Large Mammal Conservation in India?, by M. D. Madhusudan and K. Ullas Karanth18. Enhancing the Sustainability of Duiker Hunting Through Community Participation and Controlled Access in the Lob k Region of Southeastern Cameroon, by Cheryl Fimbel, Bryan Curran, and Leonard Usongo19. Traditional Management of Hunting in a Xavante Community in Central Brazil: The Search for Sustainability, by Frans J. Leeuwenberg and John G. Robinson20. Community-Based Comanagement of Wildlife in the Peruvian Amazon, by Richard Bodmer and Pablo E. PuertasIV: Economic Influences on Sustainability21. Wildlife Use in Northern Congo: Hunting in a Commercial Logging Concession, by Philippe, Auzel and David S. Wilkie22. Socioeconomics and the Sustainability of Hunting in the Forests of Northern Congo (Brazzaville), by Heather E. Eves and Richard G. Ruggiero23. Impact of Subsistence Hunting in North Sulawesi Indonesia, and Conservation Options,, by Rob J. Lee24. The Trade in Wildlife in North Sulawesi, Indonesia, by Lynn Clayton and E. J. Milner-GullandV: Synthesis25. Hunting for Sustainability: The Start of a Synthesis, by Elizabeth L. Bennett and John G. Robinson
701 citations
TL;DR: The problem of overhunting of wildlife for meat across the humid tropics is now causing local extinctions of numerous species as mentioned in this paper, and conservation efforts must be placed within a landscape context; a mosaic of hunted and no-take areas might balance conservation with continued subsistence use.
Abstract: Massive overhunting of wildlife for meat across the humid tropics is now causing local extinctions of numerous species. Rural people often rely heavily on wild meat, but, in many areas, this important source of food and income is either already lost or is being rapidly depleted. The problem can only be tackled by looking at the wider economic and institutional context within which such hunting occurs, from household economics to global terms of trade. Conservation efforts must be placed within a landscape context; a mosaic of hunted and no-take areas might balance conservation with continued subsistence use. Successful conservation of hunted wildlife requires collaboration at all scales, involving local people, resource extraction companies, governments and scientists.
661 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine data on the mitigation potential of agroforestry in the humid and sub-humid tropics and present the scientific evidence that leads to the expectation that agro-forestry also has an important role in climate change adaptation, particularly for small holder farmers.
Abstract: Agriculture is the human enterprise that is most vulnerable to climate change. Tropical agriculture, particularly subsistence agriculture is particularly vulnerable, as smallholder farmers do not have adequate resources to adapt to climate change. While agroforestry may play a significant role in mitigating the atmospheric accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHG), it also has a role to play in helping smallholder farmers adapt to climate change. In this paper, we examine data on the mitigation potential of agroforestry in the humid and sub-humid tropics. We then present the scientific evidence that leads to the expectation that agroforestry also has an important role in climate change adaptation, particularly for small holder farmers. We conclude with priority research questions that need to be answered concerning the role of agroforestry in both mitigation and adaptation to climate change.
647 citations