Topic
Substituent
About: Substituent is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 42877 publications have been published within this topic receiving 516716 citations. The topic is also known as: side chain & side group.
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TL;DR: A general equation, which makes possible an estimate of β(11-1) for any pair of boronic acid and diol from their pKa values, is proposed on the basis of established Brönsted-type correlation of Hammett parameters with acidity of diols.
Abstract: Stability constants of boronic acid diol esters in aqueous solution have been determined potentiometrically for a series of meta-, para-substituted phenylboronic acids and diols of variable acidity...
77 citations
Patent•
21 Jul 1997TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a new bleach activator for cellulose based materials such as wood pulp and paper which includes using an effective amount of a source of an oxidant and an oxidatively stable bleach activators having structure (I) wherein Y1, Y3 and Y4 each represent a bridging group having zero, one, two or three carbon containing nodes for substitution, and Y2 is a bridged group having at least one carbon containing node for substitution.
Abstract: The invention provides a novel composition for bleaching cellulose based materials, such as wood pulp and paper which includes using an effective amount of a source of an oxidant and an oxidatively stable bleach activator having structure (I) wherein Y1, Y3 and Y4 each represents a bridging group having zero, one, two or three carbon containing nodes for substitution, and Y2 is a bridging group having at least one carbon containing node for substitution. Each node contains a C(R), C(R1)(R2), or a C(R)2 unit. Each R may be H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cylcoalkenyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkynyl, alkylaryl, halogen, alkoxy, or phenoxy, CH2CF3, CF3 and combinations thereof, or form a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring, or together with a paired R substituent bound to the same carbon atom form a cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl ring; M is a transition metal; Q is any counterion; and L is any labile ligand.
77 citations
TL;DR: Substituent effects in singly and doubly substituted anils of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde showing strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding are studied on the basis of solution 13C NMR spectroscopic data and semi-empirical MO (AM1) calculations of the relative stability of tautomers as mentioned in this paper.
77 citations
Patent•
09 Mar 1999
TL;DR: In this article, a fiber having an ion exchanging substituent group, including 005 meg/g or more of a group shows sufficient electrolyte-holding property, and the fiber can include a hydroxyl group, or as a substituente group, carboxyl group is more preferably used as a base material of the fiber.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve electrolyte-holding property and durability by forming a separator of non-woven fabric or woven fabric which is composed mainly of a fiber having an ion-exchange substituent group, such as sulfonic group and/or carboxyl group and a fiber which does not have the ion exchange substituent group SOLUTION: A fiber having ion exchanging substituent group, including 005 meg/g or more of a substituent group shows sufficient electrolyte-holding property, and the fiber can include a hydroxyl group, or as a substituent group, carboxyl group is more preferably used As a base material of the fiber having ion-exchange substituent group, polyethylene polyvinyl alcohol or the like is used, and as a fiber which does not have ion-exchanging substituent group, polyethylene or polypropylene or the like is used This separator is preferably processed by the mixture gas of fluorine and oxygen or the mixed gas obtained by adding SO2 to the mixed gas, and the initial electrolyte absorbing speed is improved In the separator, total quantity of the substituent group is easily controlled so as to reduce the unevenness between products, and since the separator does not make contact with sulfuric acid or the like, lowering of strength thereof is eliminated
77 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of strain induced by side chains on the geometry of polydiacetylene backbones and the resulting polymer band structure, band gap, and ionization potential were investigated.
Abstract: The valence effective Hamiltonian technique (VEH), and modified neglect of differential overlap (MNDO) calculations are used to study the influence of strain induced by side chains on the geometry of polydiacetylene backbones and the resulting polymer band structure, band gap, and ionization potential. Simulations of strain effects on the polymer backbone yield variations in optical properties which are similar to those observed experimentally during thermochromic phase changes in urethane‐substituted polydiacetylenes. Our results suggest that these changes in optical properties are related to strain at points of substituent attachment and not to fundamental changes in the backbone geometry such as an acetylenic‐to‐butatrienic transformation.
77 citations