Substitute natural gas

About: Substitute natural gas is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1216 publications have been published within this topic receiving 23604 citations. The topic is also known as: synthetic natural gas.

Process for producing synthetic natural gas and high octane motor fuel components

Abstract: Synthetic natural gas and high octane motor fuel blending stock is produced by catalytically reforming naphtha at low severity to maximize production of aromatics and minimize hydrocracking, and then converting the remaining paraffins to methane in a methanation zone. The effluent from the methanation zone is separated into synthetic natural gas and motor fuel blending stock.

Chapter 3 Catalytic Activation of Co over Single Crystals

Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter reviews existing literature that deals with the catalytic activation of CO on single-crystal surfaces. The three types of reactions considered in the chapter include methanation, water-gas shift, and methanol synthesis. Examples are provided, which demonstrate the relevance of single crystal studies for modeling the behavior of high surface area supported catalysts. The methanation reaction plays a critical role in the production of synthetic natural gas from hydrogen-deficient carbonaceous material. Additionally, the reaction is an obvious starting point in studies of fuel and chemical synthesis from carbon sources. The chapter begins with a discussion of the studies on monometallic and bimetallic single crystal surfaces, and then the results of studies dealing with the effects of electronegative and electropositive impurities on the kinetics of the methanation reaction are presented. The chapter reviews the studies dealing with the effects of electronegative and electropositive surface impurities on the rates of CO methanation over single crystal catalysts and discussion the role of electronegative impurities in poisoning Ni(100), Ru(001), Rh(111) and W(110) toward methanation activity. The water-gas shift reaction is widely used industrially in various hydrogen production or enrichment processes. The chapter reviews the results of studies in which the kinetics and mechanism of the water-gas shift reaction are investigated using the modern techniques of surface science and copper single crystals. The selective synthesis of methanol is a process of major industrial importance because of the use of methanol as a chemical intermediate, its potential use as a starting material for fuel production, and many other applications.

Effect of reducibility on the performance of Co-based catalysts for the production of high-calorie synthetic natural gas

Abstract: Co-based catalysts were developed for the production of high-calorie synthetic natural gas. The Co reduction in Al2O3- and SiO2-supported catalysts prepared with different Co loading, and their catalytic properties for high-calorie methanation were investigated. The CO conversion of the Co/SiO2 catalysts was superior to that of the Co/ Al2O3 with the same Co loading, due to their better reducibility at 400°C. The activities of both the Al2O3 and SiO2-supported catalysts increased with Co loading, while the growth of hydrocarbon chains decreased as the Co loading increased. As the reduction temperature increased, crystallite size of Co increased in 10Co/SiO2, resulting in decrease of CO conversion and increase of C2+ selectivity. The highest CO conversion (98.7%) was obtained over 10Co/SiO2 reduced at 400 °C. Moreover, the heating value of the product gas (10,405 kcal/Nm3) exceeded the standard heating value without requiring a high reduction temperature (700 °C) or a noble metal (Ru).

Integrated Co-Electrolysis and Syngas Methanation for the Direct Production of Synthetic Natural Gas from CO 2 and H 2 O

Abstract: The concept of an integrated power-to-gas (P2G) process was demonstrated for renewable energy storage by converting renewable electrical energy to synthetic fuels. Such a dynamically integrated process enables direct production of synthetic natural gas (SNG) from CO2 and H2 O. The produced SNG can be stored or directly injected into the existing natural gas network. To study process integration, operating parameters of the high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) producing syngas (H2 +CO) mixtures through co-electrolysis and a fixed bed reactor for syngas methanation of such gas mixtures were first optimized individually. Reactor design, operating conditions, and enhanced SNG selectivity were the main targets of the study. SOEC experiments were performed on state-of-the-art button cells. Varying operating conditions (temperature, flow rate, gas mixture and current density) emphasized the capability of the system to produce tailor-made syngas mixtures for downstream methanation. Catalytic syngas methanation was performed using hydrotalcite-derived 20 %Ni-2 %Fe/(Mg,Al)Ox catalyst and commercial methanation catalyst (Ni/Al2 O3 ) as reference. Despite water in the feed mixture, SNG with high selectivity (≥90 %) was produced at 300 °C and atmospheric pressure. An adequate rate of syngas conversion was obtained with H2 O contents up to 30 %, decreasing significantly for 50 % H2 O in the feed. Compared to the commercial catalyst, 20 %Ni-2 %Fe/(Mg,Al)Ox enabled a higher rate of COx conversion.

Methanation catalyst for synthesizing substitute natural gas and preparation method thereof

Abstract: The invention relates to a methanation catalyst for synthesizing substitute natural gas and a preparation method thereof The methanation catalyst comprises Al2o3, MgO, NiO, La2O3, TiO2, CeO2 or ZrO2 and the mixture thereof Compared with the existing methanation catalyst, the methanation catalyst prepared by using the method disclosed by the invention has high conversion ratio, great space velocity, high activity and good thermostability, so that the methanation catalyst and the preparation method thereof are suitable for the adiabatic non-circulation process and the adiabatic cycle process for synthesizing the substitute natural gas through the tail gas in hydrocarbon industries