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Substitute natural gas

About: Substitute natural gas is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1216 publications have been published within this topic receiving 23604 citations. The topic is also known as: synthetic natural gas.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the integration potential of solar thermal energy use in the catalytic hydrothermal gasification of microalgae is investigated, and the optimal design configurations are evaluated by solving a multi objective optimization problem which aims at the maximization of conversion efficiency and the minimization of operating and total production costs.
Abstract: Catalytic hydrothermal gasification is a promising technology which allows the conversion of wet biomass into methane rich syngas. It consists of three major steps, in which thermal energy has to be supplied at different temperature levels, leading to multiple products, such as clean water, nutrients/salts and methane rich syngas. Microalgae have an important potential as a new source of biomass, principally due to the fact that they can grow much faster than others biomass feedstock available in nature. Considering the energy balance of the algae cultivation step, the gasification process and thecrude product upgrading step, part of the converted syngas has to be used to close the energy balance. In this context, solar heat can be considered as an alternative to replace the heat that has to be generated from product or crude product burning. This would lead to higher fuel production, higher carbon conversion efficiency and in general a better sustainable use of energy sources. In this paper, the goal is to show the integration potential of solar thermal energy use in the catalytic hydrothermal gasification of microalgae. In order to maximize the fuel production, thermal energy requirements of the gasification and SNG upgrading process can be generated in concentrating solar systems, coupled with thermal energy storage. This allows to continuously provide heat for the process at different temperature levels. A superstructure of design models will permit the estimation of the optimal size and integration of the solar utility for different process configurations. The optimal design configurations are evaluated by solving a multi objective optimization problem which aims at the maximization of conversion efficiency and the minimization of operating and total production costs. Copyright © 2013, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.

8 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the life cycle of the environmental impact of natural gas and bio-SNG using the Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems (GEMIS) database.
Abstract: Firing of bricks is an essential manufacturing process during which the bricks obtain all the necessary properties. Life cycle assessment studies show that this process is also the most energy intensive in the brick manufacturing process and results in the largest environmental impact. Usually kilns are fired with natural gas, therefore substitution of fossil fuel with a renewable energy source is considered one of the most effective approaches for reduction of environmental impact. Bio-synthetic natural gas (bio-SNG) is one of the most feasible substitutes for natural gas and therefore the aim of the study was to compare the environmental impacts of those energy sources. Comparison of the life cycle of the environmental impact of natural gas and bio-SNG was carried out using the GEMIS (Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems) database. Both energy sources were compared on the basis of the life cycle of CO2 emissions, cumulated energy and material requirement, land use and employment effects. Results show that by replacing natural gas with bio-SNG, greenhouse gases could be reduced and employment increased. However, cumulated energy, material and land requirement is larger when bio-SNG is used instead of natural gas.

8 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided an unbiased assessment of the conventional SNG process and the innovative CL-SNG process based on process simulation using ASPEN Plus, and the estimated coal to synthetic natural gas conversion efficiency of the CA gasification process is nearly 64.2%.

8 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of new catalytic materials as well as the understanding of the reaction kinetics to control the heat of reaction and predict the lifetime of the catalyst is required.
Abstract: The production of substitute natural gas based on coal or biomass is once again back in focus, initiated by rising natural gas prices and the desire to become independent from natural gas imports. It is necessary to optimize the commercial process, e.g., by using harsher process conditions to reduce the recycle ratio. In line with this the development of new catalytic materials as well as the understanding of the reaction kinetics to control the heat of reaction and predict the lifetime of the catalyst is required.

8 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202333
202270
202151
202054
201973
201852