Substitute natural gas

About: Substitute natural gas is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1216 publications have been published within this topic receiving 23604 citations. The topic is also known as: synthetic natural gas.

A viable system for carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) methanation over fibrous silica ZSM-5 for substitute natural gas (SNG)

Abstract: Catalytic CO2 methanation offers an attractive and sustainable way for the production of substituted natural gas (SNG), which may be used as a clean alternative energy source than fossil fuels. A metal-free fibrous silica ZSM-5 catalyst (FS@ZSM-5) was synthesized via the microemulsion technique to conduct catalytic CO2 methanation. The FESEM, BET, and FTIR characterization techniques were used to investigate the surface morphology, pore structure of the catalysts. It was noticed that the commercialized ZSM-5 showed 37% CH4 selectivity with a rate of methane formation 0.067 mmol m-2s-1. While FS@ZSM-5 exhibited high CH4 selectivity of 66 % with rate of methane formation 0.108 mmol m-2s-1 using same conditions (T = 500 °C and GHSV = 36,000 mL h-1 g-1). Therefore, the FS@ZSM-5 was proved an efficient and active catalyst for CO2 methanation activity.

How much can biofuels reduce greenhouse gas emissions

Abstract: The transport sector is today totally dominated by fossil oil-based fuels, above all gasoline and diesel. In order to decrease the fossil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transport sector, and the dependency on crude oil which is a scarce resource, one option is to introduce biomass derived motor fuels, here called biofuels. However, biomass is also a limited resource which makes efficient resource utilization essential. Therefore, the usage of biomass for biofuel production will have to be compared to other possible ways to use the limited biomass resource. The biomass derived transportation fuels that are available today includes, for example, ethanol from sugar or starch crops and biodiesel from esterified veg- etable oil. Biofuels based on lignocellulosic feedstock are under development. The two main production routes are gasification of solid biomass or black liquor followed by synthesis into, for example, methanol, dimethyl ether (DME), synthetic natural gas (SNG) or Fischer-Tropsch diesel (FTD), and ethanol produced from lignocellulosic biomass. Potential lignocel- lulosic feedstocks include forest residues, waste wood, black liquor and farmed wood. What feedstock will come to predominate in a country or region will very much depend on local conditions. When evaluating the greenhouse gas emission balances or overall energy efficiency of introduction of new biomass-based technologies, it is important to adopt life cycle perspective and consider the impact of all steps from feedstock to final product(s). There are a number of different approaches that can be used for this purpose, and different choices can be made for each step from feedstock to product. Thus, different studies can come to very different conclusions about, for example, the climate effect for a given product and feedstock. These issues have been heavily debated, particularly regarding evaluation of different biofuel routes. Parameters identified as responsible for introducing the largest variations and uncertainties are to a large part connected to system related assumptions, for example system boundaries, reference system, allocation methods, time frame and functional unit. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss a selection of these issues, in order to give the reader an improved understanding of the complexity of evaluating GHG emission balances for different biorefinery products, with biofuels used as an example.

Novel process for making synthetic natural gas by using coke-oven gas

Abstract: The invention belongs to the field of the comprehensive utilization of coke-oven gas, and discloses a novel process for making synthetic natural gas by using the coke-oven gas. The qualified synthetic natural gas product is produced by the process comprising the steps of hydrodesulfurization, carbon compensation, multi-level methanation, cooling, separation and the like. The process can effectively prevent the temperature runaway phenomenon of a methanation reactor, can reasonably distribute the load of the methanation reactor, improves the conversion rate of CO and CO2, and provides a new method for making the synthetic natural gas by using the coke-oven gas.

Preparation method of catalyst carrier for preparing substitute natural gas from coal-based syngas

Abstract: The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysis, and relates to a preparation method of a catalyst carrier for preparing substitute natural gas from coal-based syngas. The catalyst carrier is prepared by the steps of mixing alumina (or pseudo-boehmite) with a soluble salt of magnesium, adding deionized water, fully mixing evenly, placing for a certain time, then drying, roasting, smashing, pelletizing with adding an adhesive, drying, carrying out tabletting forming, and roasting to obtain the catalyst carrier. The catalyst carrier prepared by the method has good hydrothermal stability, and has the water absorption rate of 35%-50%. A catalyst prepared by adopting the catalyst carrier and used for preparing the substitute natural gas from the coal-based syngas is suitable for a methanation reaction under conditions of relatively high CO content and relatively high reaction temperature, and can effectively prevent carbon deposition.