Substitute natural gas

About: Substitute natural gas is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1216 publications have been published within this topic receiving 23604 citations. The topic is also known as: synthetic natural gas.

Techno-Economic Evaluation of Biological and Fluidised-Bed Based Methanation Process Chains for Grid-Ready Biomethane Production

Abstract: Three different power-to-methane process chains with grid injection in two scales (1 MWel and 6 MWel) were analysed regarding their investment and operation cost. The process chains were based on biological or catalytic bubbling fluidised bed methanation in combination with proton exchange membrane or solid oxide electrolyser cells. A bottom-up techno-economic analysis showed a cost benefit of around 17–19% lower biomethane production cost for the bubbling fluidised bed technology as less than a third of the reactor volumes is required for catalytic methanation. This cost benefit is only given in combination with PEM electrolysis, as the high-temperature electrolyser stacks currently result in high investment cost. Based on electricity cost of 5 €-ct/kWhel and a plant size of 6 MWel, biomethane production cost of 13.95 €-ct./kWh for catalytic and 17.30 €-ct/kWh for biological methanation could be obtained, both including PEM electrolysis. A significant efficiency increase by integrating the heat of catalytic methanation reaction with the high-temperature electrolysis can be achieved; however investment cost have to decrease below 1000 €/kWel to obtain economically feasible production cost of biomethane. Under current economic and technological circumstances, CO2 methanation using the bubbling fluidised bed technology is the most cost effective.

Carbon emission-free one-step method and equipment for synthesizing artificial natural gas

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for preparing synthetic natural gas from coal-formed gas, coke-oven gas and the like through methanation one-step reaction. The method is characterized in that: in the production of the synthetic artificial natural gas, CO2 emission is avoided, namely the artificial natural gas is synthesized at zero carbon emission, the flow is simple, a few pieces of equipment is arranged, the temperature resistance requirement of a methanation catalyst is low, no recycle or a low recycle ratio is achieved, and electricity is saved.

Process efficiency of small scale SNG production from biomass

Abstract: Biomass can be converted to synthetic natural gas (SNG) by thermochemical gasification and a subsequent methanation. For a multi megawatt process the conversion efficiency of biomass to SNG is up to 74

Substitute Natural Gas and Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

Abstract: This chapter presents the direct conversion of syngas to hydrocarbons, either substitute natural gas, or higher hydrocarbons via the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. Substitute natural gas (SNG), also known as synthetic natural gas, is methane that is formed during gasification. The syngas generally contain carbon dioxide that can be hydrogenated to produce methane. Fischer–Tropsch (FT) synthesis is a polymerization reaction. An alkane chain, absorbed on a catalyst site, reacts with carbon monoxide and hydrogen to add a methyl unit (CH 2 ). The heat of reaction per methyl group, estimated from the gas phase heat of formation for dodecane, is –155.5 kJ/mole. This heat of reaction is about 20% of the heat of combustion of the feed gases. FT diesel fuel, due to its high alkane content, has very high cetane numbers. Blends of FT and conventional diesel are sold as premium products in Europe. Normal alkanes, however, have high melting points compared to branched or cyclic hydrocarbons. An FT diesel produced simply by distilling an FT fluid would have poor low temperature properties. Most FT diesel, however, is not simply an FT fluid distillation product, but a blend of this distillation product and products of hydrocracked FT wax.

Experimental Study on Corrosion Characteristics of 1.25Cr-0.5Mo in the 1st-mathanator reactor for Synthetic Natural Gas according to Gas Compositions

Abstract: Recently, the operating conditions of the various mechanical structures have become more severe and the running time has become longer as the development of plant equipment increases with the introduction of high technology. Thus, the reliability of the system and its accessories is becoming a problem. Normally, synthetic natural gas (SNG) plants use 1.25Cr-0.5Mo or 2.25Cr-1Mo heat resistant steel according to the operating conditions. In this study, a lab-scale reactor was set up using 1.25Cr-0.5Mo steel, in order to carry out corrosion tests for producing synthetic natural gas. The corrosive characteristics were investigated under 1st-methanator operating conditions and fundamental data about the durability and reliability were obtained by using the experimental test. The analysis of results obtained on the durability of the reactor under emission and injection compositions showed that the hydrogen embrittlement caused by hydrogen and the oxidation corrosion caused by H2O had the most effect on the durability of 1.25Cr-0.5Mo steel in the SNG reactor. However, the hydrogen embrittlement and oxidation corrosion occurred simultaneously under emission conditions, so that the corrosion of the material increased suddenly after a long operating time. Besides, the corrosion of the 1.25Cr-0.5Mo steel under the injection composition was faster than that under the emission composition.