Topic
Substitute natural gas
About: Substitute natural gas is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1216 publications have been published within this topic receiving 23604 citations. The topic is also known as: synthetic natural gas.
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TL;DR: In this article, an overview of the overall supply chain, including production, transport, storage and end uses of green synthetic fuels, including hydrogen and natural gas, including storage alternatives and gas interchangeability requirements for safe injection of green fuels in the natural gas network and fuel cells is outlined.
Abstract: Innovative renewable routes are potentially able to sustain the transition to a decarbonized energy economy. Green synthetic fuels, including hydrogen and natural gas, are considered viable alternatives to fossil fuels. Indeed, they play a fundamental role in those sectors that are difficult to electrify (e.g., road mobility or high-heat industrial processes), are capable of mitigating problems related to flexibility and instantaneous balance of the electric grid, are suitable for large-size and long-term storage and can be transported through the gas network. This article is an overview of the overall supply chain, including production, transport, storage and end uses. Available fuel conversion technologies use renewable energy for the catalytic conversion of non-fossil feedstocks into hydrogen and syngas. We will show how relevant technologies involve thermochemical, electrochemical and photochemical processes. The syngas quality can be improved by catalytic CO and CO2 methanation reactions for the generation of synthetic natural gas. Finally, the produced gaseous fuels could follow several pathways for transport and lead to different final uses. Therefore, storage alternatives and gas interchangeability requirements for the safe injection of green fuels in the natural gas network and fuel cells are outlined. Nevertheless, the effects of gas quality on combustion emissions and safety are considered.
48 citations
TL;DR: The authors argue that the main impact of shale gas on climate change is not the reduced emissions from fuel substitution nor the greenhouse gas footprint of natural gas itself, but rather the competition between abundant, low-cost gas and low-carbon technologies, including renewables and carbon capture and storage.
Abstract: Shale gas is a new energy resource that has shifted the dominant paradigm on U.S. hydrocarbon resources. Some have argued that shale gas will play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions by displacing coal used for electricity, serving as a moderate-carbon “bridge fuel.” Others have questioned whether methane emissions from shale gas extraction lead to higher greenhouse gas emissions overall. I argue that the main impact of shale gas on climate change is neither the reduced emissions from fuel substitution nor the greenhouse gas footprint of natural gas itself, but rather the competition between abundant, low-cost gas and low-carbon technologies, including renewables and carbon capture and storage. This might be remedied if the gas industry joins forces with environmental groups, providing a counterbalance to the coal lobby, and ultimately eliminating the conventional use of coal in the United States.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the thermodynamic analysis and the coupling and optimization between chemical synthesis and power generation in a poly-generation system and showed that the overall efficiency of the novel system can be as high as 59%-65% and compared to single production systems, the energy saving ratio ESR of the new system is over 11.0% and the energy consumption for SNG production can be decreased by around 12%.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a parametric thermodynamic analysis of the power-to-gas system is carried out with a lumped-parameters approach, including all the thermal and electric energy consumptions.
47 citations
TL;DR: By measurements of axial gas phase concentration profiles in a methanation reactor for the production of synthetic natural gas, regeneration of the catalyst inside the fluidized-bed reaction system could be proven.
Abstract: By measurements of axial gas phase concentration profiles in a fluidized-bed methanation reactor for the production of synthetic natural gas, regeneration of the catalyst inside the fluidized-bed reaction system could be proven. Moreover, by varying space velocity, bed height, catalyst mass, flow rates, and dilution rates, it could be shown that both hydrodynamic as well as chemical boundary conditions can influence the surface coverage and therefore selectivity and deactivation processes.
47 citations