Topic
Summation
About: Summation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 954 publications have been published within this topic receiving 45593 citations. The topic is also known as: summation & sum of a sequence.
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TL;DR: This work has shown that in humans, temporal summation of the nociceptive withdrawal reflex of the lower limb is an objective representation of the temporal processing of nOCiceptive signals into the spinal cord.
11 citations
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TL;DR: Thresholds at longer tine lengths demonstrated a form of contrast saturation which differed from vernier acuity whose thresholds increased consistently with a reduction in contrast, and as line length in the displacement threshold task was reduced, the amount of Contrast saturation became less and displacement thresholds resembled the contrast response of verniers acuity.
11 citations
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TL;DR: Spatial summation of brightness was measured in the light-adapted periphery for targets that either flickered at 20 Hz or remained steady during a 1-sec exposure, consistent with a two-channel model of achromatic brightness.
Abstract: Spatial summation of brightness was measured in the light-adapted periphery for targets that either flickered at 20 Hz or remained steady during a 1-sec exposure. For each target condition, stimuli of different diameters were adjusted in intensity to match a constant foveal reference target in subjective brightness. For comparison, increment thresholds were also measured. Large differences were found among the resulting equal-brightness functions of three normal observers. The data are consistent with a two-channel model of achromatic brightness. The spatial and temporal properties of the two brightness channels resemble those of the tonic and phasic systems of electrophysiology.
11 citations
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TL;DR: Central nystagmus is produced by stimulation in the nyStagmogenic area, situated in the mesodiencephalon of the rabbit, and varies not only with the frequency of stimulation, but also with the length of the stimulation period.
11 citations
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TL;DR: The illumination required for a criterion latency of the scotopic VECP was compared with the sensory threshold in a number of situations where the area and the spatial distribution of the test stimulu was changed.
Abstract: The illumination required for a criterion latency of the scotopic VECP was compared with the sensory threshold in a number of situations where the area and the spatial distribution of the test stimulus was altered. Plots of the log area versus log illumination derived from both VECP (criterion latency) and psychophysical (threshold) measurements allowed the determination of slopes indicating summation indices. Areal summation was shown to be present within the whole area stimulated (up to 18° in diameter). It was found that the slopes in both sets of measurements probably reflect lack of retinal homogeneity rather than areal summation as such. Qualitatively, the slopes of both types of measurements are similar; quantitatively there are small systematic discrepancies.
11 citations