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Supercontinuum
About: Supercontinuum is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7071 publications have been published within this topic receiving 127671 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the state of the art in the field of nonlinear silicon photonic circuits is discussed, starting from the basic nonlinearities in a silicon waveguide or in optical resonator geometries, many phenomena and applications are described.
Abstract: Silicon photonics is a technology based on fabricating integrated optical circuits by using the same paradigms of the dominating electronics industry. After twenty years of impetuous development, silicon photonics is entering the market with low cost, high performance and mass manufacturable optical devices. Up to now, most of the silicon photonic devices are based on linear optical effects, despite the many phenomenologies associated to nonlinear optics in both bulk materials and integrated waveguides. Silicon and silicon based materials have strong optical nonlinearities which are enhanced in integrated devices by the small cross section of the high index contrast silicon waveguides or photonic crystals. Here the photons are made to strongly interact with the medium where they propagate. This is the central argument of nonlinear silicon photonics. It is the aim of this review article to make the point of the state of the art in the field. Starting from the basic nonlinearities in a silicon waveguide or in optical resonator geometries, many phenomena and applications are described: from frequency generation, frequency conversion, frequency comb generation, supercontinuum generation, soliton formation, temporal imaging and time lensing, Raman lasing, up to comb spectroscopy. Emerging quantum photonics applications, as entangled photon sources, heralded single photon sources and integrated quantum photonic circuits, are also addressed at the end of the review.
82 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a femtosecond polycrystalline ZnS and ZnSe laser and amplifiers were designed to obtain few-optical-cycle pulses with a multi-Watt average power in a very broad range of repetition rates.
Abstract: Transition-metal-doped II-VI semiconductors possess a unique blend of physical, spectroscopic, optical, and technological parameters. These materials enable high power lasers in important middle-infrared range. Furthermore, they combine superb ultra-fast laser capabilities with high nonlinearity and polycrystalline microstructure, which provides random quasi-phase matching. We developed flexible design of femtosecond polycrystalline Cr:ZnS and Cr:ZnSe lasers and amplifiers in the spectral range 2–3 µm. We obtained few-optical-cycle pulses with a multi-Watt average power in a very broad range of repetition rates 0.07–1.2 GHz. We also report on efficient nonlinear frequency conversion directly in the polycrystalline gain elements of ultra-fast lasers and amplifiers including second harmonic generation with sub-Watt power and generation of an octave-spanning middle-infrared supercontinuum.
82 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of the history of self-focusing and self-trapping of optical beams, as well as some important papers from the past.
Abstract: Part I. Self-focusing in the Past: Review of Self-Focusing and Self-Trapped Filaments of Light.- Self-Focusing: Theory (Comments).- Optical Self-Focusing: Stationary Beams and Femtosecond Pulses.- Self-Focusing and Self-Trapping of Optical Beams.- Self-Focusing and Self-Channeling of Laser Radiation: History and Perspectives.- Multi-Focus Structure and Moving Nonlinear Foci - Adequate Model of Self-Focusing of Laser Beams.- Small-Scale Self-focusing.- Wave Collapse in Nonlinear Optics.- Super-Gaussian Beams for Suppression of Diffraction and Self-Focusing in High-Power Nd:Glass Laser Amplifiers.- Self-Action Effects, Pattern Formation and Nonlinear Dynamics in Atomic Vapors.- Diffraction and Interference in Supercontinuum Generation.- Reprints of Several Important Papers from the Past.- Part II. Self-focusing in the Present: Self-Trapping of Optical Beams: Spatial Solitons.- Self-Focusing of Femtosecond Pulses in Air and Condensed Matter: Simulations and Experiments.- Self-Organized Propagation of Femtosecond Laser Filamentation in Air.- The Physics of Intense Femtosecond Laser Filamentation.- Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Self-focusing.- Some Comments on the History of Self-focusing Theory.- Nonlinear X Waves: Theory and Experiment.- On the Role of Conical Waves in Self-Focusing and Filamentation of fs Pulses.- Self-Focusing and Self-Defocusing of Femtosecond Pulses with Cascaded Quadratic Nonlinearities.- Effective Parameters of High-Power Laser Femtosecond Radiation at Self- focusing in Gas and Aerosol Media.- Diffraction-Induced High-Order Modes of the (2+1)-D Nonparaxial Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation.- Self-Focusing in Photorefractive Crystals.- Measurement of Nonlinear Susceptibilities Using Self-Action Effects (Including Z-scan).
81 citations
TL;DR: Direct generation of <500-fs pulses at a 1-GHz rate from a self-starting passively mode-locked fiber laser by regeneratively synchronizing the pulses with a phase modulator is reported.
Abstract: We report direct generation of <500‐fs pulses at a 1-GHz rate from a self-starting passively mode-locked fiber laser by regeneratively synchronizing the pulses with a phase modulator. The pulses are amplified and passed through a dispersion-decreasing fiber and a normal-dispersion supercontinuum fiber. The resulting continuum is wider than 350 nm.
81 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the second- and third-order dispersions of the continuum fiber and self-phase modulation are primarily responsible for the continuum generation and spectral shaping and close agreement between simulations and experiments is found.
Abstract: By propagating 500-fs pulses through 2.5 m of standard fiber followed by 2 m of dispersion-shifted fiber, we generated >200 nm of spectral continuum between 1430 and 1630 nm, which is flat to less than ±0.5 dB over more than 60 nm. Pulses obtained by filtering the continuum show no increase in timing jitter over the source laser and are pedestal free to >28 dB, indicating excellent stability and coherence. We show that the second- and third-order dispersions of the continuum fiber and self-phase modulation are primarily responsible for the continuum generation and spectral shaping and found close agreement between simulations and experiments.
81 citations