Topic
Supporting electrolyte
About: Supporting electrolyte is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5011 publications have been published within this topic receiving 104172 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the removal efficiency was increased by elevating pH from 4.0 to 8.0, and then decreased at higher pH, and the electrolytic efficacy was increased with increasing current density from 1.25 to 5.0.
41 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, tetrasubstituted phthalocyanines bearing four dihexylmalonate or dihexylonhexylhexyl malonate residues on the periphery were synthesized from the anhydrous metal salts and corresponding phthalonitriles.
Abstract: Tetrasubstituted phthalocyanines bearing four dihexylmalonate or dihexylhexylmalonate residues on the periphery (M[Pc(CH(COOC6H13)2)4] or M[Pc(C(COOC6H13)2 C6H13)4]; M = Pd(II), Cu(II), Co(II)) were synthesized from the anhydrous metal salts and the corresponding phthalonitriles. The complexes were only slightly soluble in polar solvents such as methanol and ethanol, but more soluble in less polar solvents such as benzene, toluene, and even hexane. The spectroscopic properties of the complexes were affected strongly by the electron withdrawing malonate units. Cyclic voltammetry on a platinum electrode in dichloromethane showed ligand-based one-electron transfers for Cu and Pd compounds, whereas the Co complex displayed metal-based or/and ligand-based one-electron transfers depending on the supporting electrolyte anion. The structures were confirmed by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, mass (EI and FAB), and UV/Vis spectroscopy.
41 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the photo-electrochemical degradation process (applied bias condition) maintains its effectiveness and a large efficiency margin over conventional open circuit conditions, even in diluted supporting electrolyte conditions, representing the average salinity of natural freshwater samples.
Abstract: Nanocrystalline WO3 absorbs visible light up to 470 nm and generates OH radicals via valence band injection. Therefore, it promotes the OH mediated oxidation of organic pollutants, when applied to the near UV–vis photodegradation of environmentally relevant target molecules like atenolol and carbamazepine. They both represent potentially hazardous recalcitrant contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) in waters. In the case of WO3 electrodes, a considerable acceleration of the degradation kinetics (up to 4–5 times) occurs through the application of a 1.5 V potential bias, which is instrumental to optimize the charge separation within the thin films and to maximize holes transfer rate to the electrolyte. Moreover, after sufficiently long irradiation, the complete mineralization of the organics is obtained. Interestingly, the photo-electrochemical degradation process (applied bias condition) maintains its effectiveness and a large efficiency margin over conventional open circuit conditions. Photoelectrocatalysis is observed even in diluted supporting electrolyte conditions, representing the average salinity of natural freshwater samples, demonstrating the advantageous practical feasibility of the photo-electrochemical approach.
41 citations
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TL;DR: This new voltammetric method was successfully used to determine atropine in Indian traditional medicine (seeds and leaves of Datura stramonium) with satisfactory recoveries and was also used for the analysis of atropin in pharmaceutical formulation of ophthalmic solution (eye drop).
41 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, copolymer films of N-methylpyrrole (N-MPy) and n-methyl carbazole (n-MCz) were synthesized electrochemically onto single carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) and the effects of current density, supporting electrolyte type, temperature, and monomer concentrations on the formation of the film were studied.
Abstract: Copolymer films of N-methylpyrrole (N-MPy) and N-methylcarbazole (N-MCz) were synthesized electrochemically onto single carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs). Deposition conditions on the carbon fiber, influence of the monomer concentrations on the copolymerization of P[N-methylpyrrole-co-N-methylcarbazole] P[N-MPy-co-N-MCz], and the electrochemistry of the resulting homopolymer and copolymers were studied using cyclic voltammetry, FTIR-ATR, in-situ spectroelectrochemistry, a UV-vis spectrophotometer, and a 4-point probe conductometer. The effects of current density, supporting electrolyte type, temperature, and monomer concentrations on the formation of the film were studied. Redox parameters and stability of charged films were obtained by cyclic voltammetry. The most stable copolymer was obtained in lithium perchlorate-acetonitrile electrolytic solution (LiClO4/ ACN).
41 citations