Supporting electrolyte

About: Supporting electrolyte is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5011 publications have been published within this topic receiving 104172 citations.

Electrochemical oxidation of dyeing baths bearing disperse dyes

Abstract: This paper presents the results of the electro-oxidation of pollutants in synthetic textile wastewater containing partially soluble disperse dyes. The experiments were performed in an electrochemical undivided cell reactor using seven different anode materials and 0.1 M NaCl as the supporting electrolyte. With the Ti/Pt−Ir anode, which showed the best performance among all the tested materials, additional experiments were also carried out using 0.05 M Na2SO4 as the supporting electrolyte. Experimental results obtained in the electrochemical reactor, supported by the data obtained during cyclic voltammetry studies, showed that under the conditions of the present research the removal of pollutants was mediated by active chlorine generated by electro-oxidation of chloride ions or by other mediators generated in situ and not by a direct discharge of pollutants at the anode. Under the conditions of free pH evolution 39% removal of chemical oxygen demand was obtained after 40 min of electrolysis. The apparent p...

Electrochemical Incineration of 4-Chlorophenol and the Identification of Products and Intermediates by Mass Spectrometry

Abstract: This report summarizes results obtained as part of a larger effort to demonstrate the applicability of electrolytic procedures for the direct anodic (oxidative) degradation of toxic organic wastes. We refer to this process as “electrochemical incineration” (ECI) because the ultimate degradation products, e.g., carbon dioxide, are equivalent to those achieved by thermal incineration processes. In this work, the ECI of 4-chlorophenol is achieved in an aqueous medium using a platinum anode coated with a quaternary metal oxide film containing Ti, Ru, Sn, and Sb oxides. The electrode is stable and active when used with a solid Nafion membrane without the addition of soluble supporting electrolyte. Liquid chromatography (LC), including reverse phase and ion exchange chromatography, is coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (ES-MS) and used, along with gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and measurements of pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC), to study the reaction and ...

Electron-transfer processes in metal-free tetraferrocenylporphyrin. Understanding internal interactions to access mixed-valence States potentially useful for quantum cellular automata.

Abstract: Redox properties of H2TFcP [TFcP2− = 5,10,15,20-tetraferrocenylporphyrin(2−)] were investigated using cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and square-wave voltammetry methods in a large variety of solvents and electrolytes. When DMF, THF, and MeCN were used with TBAP as the supporting electrolyte, the first oxidation wave was assigned to a single four-electron oxidation process reflecting simultaneous oxidation of all iron(II) centers into iron(III) centers in H2TFcP. When an o-DCB (1,2-dichlorobenzene)/TBAP combination was used in electrochemical experiments, four ferrocene substituents underwent two very diffuse, “two-electron” stepwise oxidations. The use of a weakly coordinating TFAB ([NBu4][B(C6F5)4]) electrolyte in o-DCB or DCM results in four single-electron oxidation processes for ferrocene substituents in which the first and second single-electron waves have a relatively large separation, while the second, third, and fourth oxidation processes are more closely spaced; similar resul...