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Supporting electrolyte
About: Supporting electrolyte is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5011 publications have been published within this topic receiving 104172 citations.
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TL;DR: It is found that chaotropic anions lead to larger thickness increments per bilayer during the film buildup than cosmotropic ones, confirming results found on PSS/PDADMA multilayers, and that a film constructed in the presence of chaotropicAnions swells and becomes more permeable to Fe(CN)(6)4- ions when the film is brought into contact with a solution containing more cosMotropic anions.
Abstract: Quartz crystal microbalance and cyclic voltammetry are used to investigate the influence of the supporting salt of polyelectrolyte solutions on the buildup and the structure of PSS/PAH polyelectrolyte multilayers (PSS: poly(4-styrene sulfonate); PAH: poly(allylamine hydrochloride)). This film constitutes a model polyelectrolyte multilayer system. The supporting electrolytes were sodium salts where the nature of the anion was changed by following the Hofmeister series from cosmotropic to chaotropic anions (F−, Cl−, NO3−, ClO4−). For all the investigated anions, the film thickness increases linearly with the number of deposition steps. We find that chaotropic anions lead to larger thickness increments per bilayer during the film buildup than cosmotropic ones, confirming results found on PSS/PDADMA multilayers (PDADMA: poly(diallyldimethylammonium)). Films constituted by more than nine PSS/PAH bilayers are still permeable to hexacyanoferrate(II) ions, Fe(CN)64−, whatever the nature of the supporting salt ani...
73 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the wave height in the absence of electrolyte exceeds that with electrolyte present by a factor of 2, as expected for one-electron reduction of a singly charged reactant.
Abstract: Weak acids such as acetic, ascorbic, and salicylic acids are easily reduced at platinum microelectrodes in the absence of the supporting electrolyte. The current is mass transport controlled, and the reduction of proton is preceded by dissociation of the acid in the reaction layer. Since these acids are only slightly dissociated, transport should not be enhanced by migration and the heights of their voltammetric wave should be nearly independent of supporting electrolyte concentration. However, transport-limited currents diminish by 50% when a small amount of a supporting electrolyte is added to the solution. Thus the wave height in the absence of electrolyte exceeds that with electrolyte present by a factor of 2, as expected for one-electron reduction of a singly charged reactant
73 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the standard Gibbs energies of ion transfer from water to 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) have been determined employing steady-state cyclic voltammetry at a microhole-supported water-∣-nPOE microinterface, which made the investigation of NO3− possible with tetradodecylammonium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate as the supporting electrolyte in the organic phase.
73 citations
TL;DR: The most appropriate conditions for growing Pt nanoparticles on HOPG with narrow size distribution are to use an H2PtCl6 solution with HCl as supporting electrolyte and to apply a high cathodic overpotential.
Abstract: The electrochemical deposition of Pt on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) from H2PtCl6 solutions was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry The effects of deposition overpotential, H2PtCl6 concentration, supporting electrolyte, and anion additions on the deposition process were evaluated Addition of chloride inhibits Pt deposition due to adsorption on the substrate and blocking of reduction sites, while SO42- and ClO4- slightly promote Pt reduction By comparing potentiostatic current−time transients with the Scharifker-Hills model, a transition from progressive to instantaneous nucleation was observed when increasing the deposition overpotential Following addition of chloride anions the fit of experimental transients with the instantaneous nucleation mode improves, while the addition of SO42- induces only small changes Chloride anions strongly inhibit the reduction process, which is shifted in the cathodic direction The above results indicate that the most appropriate condi
72 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of the initial concentration of dye, supporting electrolyte, current densities and pH on COD reduction has been critically studied using a RuO 2 /Ti electrode.
Abstract: Electrooxidation of simulated Acid Blue 113 dye effluent has been carried out using a RuO 2 /Ti electrode. The influence of the initial concentration of dye, supporting electrolyte, current densities and pH on COD reduction has been critically studied. Electrochemical analysis such as Instantaneous Current Efficiency (ICE) and Electrochemical Oxygen Demand (EOD) were used.
72 citations