Topic
Supporting electrolyte
About: Supporting electrolyte is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5011 publications have been published within this topic receiving 104172 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: This work demonstrated that bulk electrolysis can be achieved in a few seconds in these attoliter reactors, suggesting many applications, such as analysis and electrosynthesis in low dielectric constant solvents, which have a much broader potential window.
Abstract: We report the collisions of single emulsion oil droplets with extremely low dielectric constants (e.g., benzene, e of 2.27, or cyclohexane, e of 2.02) as studied via emulsion droplet reactor (EDR) on an ultramicroelectrode (UME). By applying appropriate potentials to the UME, we observed the electrochemical effects of single-collision signals from the bulk electrolysis of single emulsion droplets. Different hydrophobic redox species (ferrocene, decamethyl-ferrocene, or metalloporphyrin) were trapped in a mixed benzene (or cyclohexane) oil-in-water emulsion using an ionic liquid as the supporting electrolyte and emulsifier. The emulsions were prepared using ultrasonic processing. Spike-like responses were observed in each i–t response due to the complete electrolysis of all of the above-mentioned redox species within the droplet. On the basis of these single-particle collision results, the collision frequency, size distribution, i–t decay behavior of the emulsion droplets, and possible mechanisms are analy...
59 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that the electrochemical method can be used to treat dye house effluents and the influence of effluent initial concentration, pH, supporting electrolyte and the electrode material on rate of degradation has been critically examined.
59 citations
TL;DR: Characterization by NMR and CD spectroscopy in solution and by ESI-FT-ICR mass spectrometry in the gas phase suggests that an equilibrium exists in water/methanol of a major 2:2 complex and a minor 3:3 complex of ligands and metal corners.
Abstract: Chiral, enantiopure metallo-supramolecular rhombs self-assemble in solution through coordination of bis-pyridyl-substituted ligands with (en)M(NO3)2 (en = ethylenediamine, M = PdII, PtII). Characterization by NMR and CD spectroscopy in solution and by ESI-FT-ICR mass spectrometry in the gas phase suggests that an equilibrium exists in water/methanol of a major 2:2 complex and a minor 3:3 complex of ligands and metal corners. In the gas phase, doubly charged 2:2 complexes fragment into two identical singly charged halves followed by metal-mediated C−H and C−C bond activation reactions within the ethylenediamine ligands. Electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM) provides in situ imaging of the complexes even with submolecular resolution. Flat-lying rhombs are deposited under potential control from an aqueous electrolyte on a Cu(100) electrode surface precovered by a tetragonal pattern of chloride anions from the supporting electrolyte. Chirality induces the formation of only one domain orientat...
59 citations
TL;DR: Ion exchange membranes can function as solid polymer electrolytes (spe) in nonconductive liquids and therefore electro-organic syntheses are possible without supporting electrolytes as discussed by the authors, which can reduce the process steps for separating and recycling of supporting electrolyte and also side reactions with such electrolytes are impossible.
59 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the transient cyclic voltammetric technique was used for the [Fe(CN)6]3/4-process at both carbon fiber and platinum microdisk electrodes.
Abstract: Voltammetric studies in the absence of added supporting electrolyte are presently dominated by the use of near-steady-state microelectrode techniques and millimolar or lower depolarizer concentrations. However, with this methodology, large departures from conventional migration−diffusion theory have been reported for the [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- process at both carbon fiber and platinum microdisk electrodes. In contrast, data obtained in the present study reveal that use of the transient cyclic voltammetric technique at glassy carbon, gold, or platinum macrodisk electrodes and K4[Fe(CN)6] or K3[Fe(CN)6] concentrations of 50 mM or greater provides an approximately reversible response in the absence of added electrolyte. It is suggested that the use of very high [Fe(CN)6]3- and [Fe(CN)6]4- concentrations overcomes problems associated with a diffuse double layer and that large electrode surface areas and faster potential sweep rates minimize electrode blockage and passivating phenomena that can plague voltammetric stu...
59 citations