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Surface modification

About: Surface modification is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 35544 publications have been published within this topic receiving 859567 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a metal-organic framework (MOF), chromium(III) terephthalate (MIL-101), has been proposed to selectively functionalize the unsaturated sites in the MOFs, differing in many respects from the functionalization of mesoporous silica and other porous hybrids reported so far.
Abstract: A metal―organic framework (MOF), chromium(III) terephthalate (MIL-101), possesses several unprecedented features such as a mesoporous zeotype architecture with mesoporous cages and microporous windows, a giant cell volume, huge surface area, and numerous unsaturated chromium sites. The presence of unsaturated Cr(III) sites in MIL-101 provides an intrinsic chelating property with electron-rich functional groups. This feature offers a powerful way to selectively functionalize the unsaturated sites in the MOFs, differing in many respects from the functionalization of mesoporous silica and other porous hybrids reported so far. This work demonstrates that the surface amine-grafting undoubtedly provides a general way of selective functionalization of porous MOFs besides that with unsaturated metal sites. The present approach indeed ensures the development of functionalized MOFs for the immobilization and encapsulation of organic molecules and metal components that are useful for catalysis, adsorption, molecular recognition, and so on. Here some of the recent ideas concerning site-selective functionalization of MIL-101 are examined and explained, focusing on the utilization of unsaturated Cr(III) sites. Recent advances in synthesis, selective surface functionalization, outstanding sorption properties, encapsulation of nano-objects, and catalytic applications in MIL-101 are also described.

828 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Several recent efforts to design a new generation of antibacterial surfaces, which are based on mimicking the surface nanotopography of natural surfaces, are considered.

822 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, surface modification of natural halloysite clay nanotubes with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was investigated.
Abstract: Surface modification of natural halloysite clay nanotubes with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was investigated. Untreated and modified samples were characterized by nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, MAS nuclear magnetic resonance (29Si, 13C, 29Al), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The modification mechanism was found to include not only the direct grafting of APTES onto the hydroxyl groups of the internal walls, edges and external surfaces of the nanotubes but other processes in which oligomerized APTES condensed with the directly grafted APTES to form a cross-linked structure. The thermal and evacuation pretreatment conditions were found to play an important role in controlling the extent and mechanism of the modification. The extent of modification is also strongly affected by the morphological parameters of the original clay samples. This study demonstrates that the surface chemistry...

813 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential of surface modified activated carbons towards water treatment has been discussed and a review article is aimed at providing precise information on efforts made by various researchers in the field of surface modification of activated carbon for water pollution control.

809 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) is an emerging renewable nanomaterial that holds promise in many different applications, such as in personal care, chemicals, foods, pharmaceuticals, etc as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) is an emerging renewable nanomaterial that holds promise in many different applications, such as in personal care, chemicals, foods, pharmaceuticals, etc. By appropriate modification of NCC, various functional nanomaterials with outstanding properties, or significantly improved physical, chemical, biological, as well as electronic properties can be developed. The nanoparticles are stabilised in aqueous suspension by negative charges on the surface, which are produced during the acid hydrolysis process. NCC suspensions can form a chiral nematic ordered phase beyond a critical concentration, i.e. NCC suspensions transform from an isotropic to an anisotropic chiral nematic liquid crystalline phase. Due to its nanoscale dimension and intrinsic physicochemical properties, NCC is a promising renewable biomaterial that can be used as a reinforcing component in high performance nanocomposites. Many new nanocomposite materials with attractive properties were obtained by the physical incorporation of NCC into a natural or synthetic polymeric matrix. Simple chemical modification on NCC surface can improve its dispersability in different solvents and expand its utilisation in nano-related applications, such as drug delivery, protein immobilisation, and inorganic reaction template. This review paper provides an overview on this emerging nanomaterial, focusing on the surface modification, properties and applications of NCC.

808 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20232,530
20225,209
20211,961
20202,217
20192,313
20182,263