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Surface modification
About: Surface modification is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 35544 publications have been published within this topic receiving 859567 citations.
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TL;DR: A review of methods of preparing hybrid inorganic-organic mesoporous silicates with uniform channel structures, as well as some of their applications can be found in this article, where both reactive and passive organic groups can be incorporated in the porous solids by grafting methods or by co-condensation under surfactant control.
Abstract: This review describes methods of preparing hybrid inorganic–organic mesoporous silicates with uniform channel structures, as well as some of their applications. Both reactive and passive organic groups can be incorporated in the porous solids by grafting methods or by co-condensation under surfactant control. Functional groups have been placed selectively on the internal or external pore surfaces or even within the walls of the mesoporous solids. Organic functionalization of these solids permits tuning of the surface properties (hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, binding to guest molecules), alteration of the surface reactivity, protection of the surface from attack, and modification of the bulk properties (e.g., mechanical or optical properties) of the material. Recent applications of hybrid mesoporous silicates are highlighted, including catalysis, sorption of metals, anions, and organics, reactors for polymerization, fixation of biologically active species, and optical applications.
1,466 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the surface chemistry is affected by the type of nitrogen precursor and specific groups present on the surface before the treatment leading to the incorporation of nitrogen, and the most important functional groups affecting energy storage performance are pyrrolic and pyridinic nitrogen along with quinone oxygen.
Abstract: Microporous activated carbon originating from coconut shell, as received or oxidized with nitric acid, is treated with melamine and urea and heated to 950 °C in an inert atmosphere to modify the carbon surface with nitrogen- and oxygen-containing groups for a systematic investigation of their combined effect on electrochemical performance in 1 M H2SO4 supercapacitors. The chemistry of the samples is characterized using elemental analysis, Boehm titration, potentiometric titration, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Sorption of nitrogen and carbon dioxide is used to determine the textural properties. The results show that the surface chemistry is affected by the type of nitrogen precursor and the specific groups present on the surface before the treatment leading to the incorporation of nitrogen. Analysis of the electrochemical behavior of urea- and melamine-treated samples reveal pseudocapacitance from both the oxygen and the nitrogen containing functional groups located in the pores larger than 10 A. On the other hand, pores between 5 A and 6 A are most effective in a double-layer formation, which correlates well with the size of hydrated ions. Although the quaternary and pyridinic-N-oxides nitrogen groups have enhancing effects on capacitance due to the positive charge, and thus an improved electron transfer at high current loads, the most important functional groups affecting energy storage performance are pyrrolic and pyridinic nitrogen along with quinone oxygen. (C)2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
1,409 citations
TL;DR: It is highly feasible for nanoparticles of biodegradable polymers to be applied to promote oral chemotherapy by using Caco-2 cells, showing that surface modification of PLGA nanoparticles with vitamin E TPGS notably improved the cellular uptake.
1,354 citations
TL;DR: This paper reviews recent advances in the covalent attachment of bioactive compounds to functionalized polymer surfaces including relevant techniques in polymer surface modification such as wet chemical, organosilanization, ionized gas treatments, and UV irradiation.
1,334 citations
TL;DR: The ability of simple tailor-made monochemical surfaces to influence binding rates and conformation of bound proteins through protein-surface interactions is demonstrated, with the effect observed greatest for albumin.
Abstract: Protein adhesion plays a major role in determining the biocompatibility of materials. The first stage of implant integration is the adhesion of protein followed by cell attachment. Surface modification of implants (surface chemistry and topography) to induce and control protein and cell adhesion is currently of great interest. This communication presents data on protein adsorption (bovine serum albumin and fibrinogen) onto model hydrophobic (CH3) and hydrophilic (OH) surfaces, investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and grazing angle infrared spectroscopy. Our data suggest that albumin undergoes adsorption via a single step whereas fibrinogen adsorption is a more complex, multistage process. Albumin has a stronger affinity toward the CH3 compared to OH terminated surface. In contrast, fibrinogen adheres more rapidly to both surfaces, having a slightly higher affinity toward the hydrophobic surface. Conformational assessment of the adsorbed proteins by grazing angle infrared spectroscopy (GA...
1,324 citations