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Surface tension
About: Surface tension is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 25410 publications have been published within this topic receiving 695471 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, a coupled level-set and volume-of-fluid method is presented for modeling incompressible two-phase flows with surface tension, which conserves mass and captures the complicated interfaces very accurately.
Abstract: A coupled level-set and volume-of-fluid method is presented for modeling incompressible two-phase flows with surface tension. The coupled algorithm conserves mass and captures the complicated interfaces very accurately. A planar simulation of bubble growth is performed in water at near critical pressure for different degrees of superheat. The effect of superheat on the frequency of bubble formation has been analyzed. In addition, simulation of film boiling and bubble formation is performed in refrigerant R134a at near critical and far critical pressures. The effect of saturation pressure on the frequency of bubble formation has also been studied. A deviation from the periodic bubble release is observed in the case of superheat beyond 15 K in water. The effect of heat flux on the instability has also been analyzed. It is found that for water at near critical condition, a decrease in superheat from 15 to 10 K leads to oscillations with subharmonics influencing the time period of the ebullition cycle.
141 citations
140 citations
TL;DR: Triply re-entrant structures, possessing superrepellence to water and various organic liquids, are fabricated via two-photon polymerization based 3D printing technology and can find potential applications in electronic devices, gas sensors, microchemical/physical reactors, high-throughput biological sensors, and optical displays.
Abstract: Bioinspired re-entrant structures have been proved to be effective in achieving liquid superrepellence (including anti-penetration, anti-adhesion, and anti-spreading). However, except for a few reports relying on isotropic etching of silicon wafers, most fluorination-dependent surfaces are still unable to repel liquids with extreme low surface energy (i.e., γ < 15 mN m-1 ), especially those fluorinated solvents. Herein, triply re-entrant structures, possessing superrepellence to water (with surface tension γ of 72.8 mN m-1 ) and various organic liquids (γ = 12.0-27.1 mN m-1 ), are fabricated via two-photon polymerization based 3D printing technology. Such structures can be constructed both on rigid and flexible substrates, and the liquid superrepellent properties can be kept even after oxygen plasma treatment. Based on the prepared triply re-entrant structures, micro open capillaries are constructed on them to realize directional liquid spreading, which may be applied in microfluidic platforms and lab-on-a-chip applications. The fabricated arrays can also find potential applications in electronic devices, gas sensors, microchemical/physical reactors, high-throughput biological sensors, and optical displays.
140 citations
TL;DR: In this article, three different methods viz., molecular dynamics with collision-based virial evaluation, Monte Carlo with virial computed by volume perturbation, and Binder's density-distribution method in conjunction with grand-canonical transition-matrix Monte Carlo ~GC-TMMC were studied.
Abstract: Vapor–liquid interfacial tension of square-well ~SW! fluids is calculated using three different methods viz., molecular dynamics ~MD! with collision-based virial evaluation, Monte Carlo with virial computed by volume perturbation, and Binder’s density-distribution method in conjunction with grand-canonical transition-matrix Monte Carlo ~GC-TMMC!. Three values of the SW attractive well range parameter were studied: l51.5, 1.75, and 2.0, respectively. The results from MD and GC-TMMC methods are in very good mutual agreement, while the volume-perturbation method yields data of unacceptable quality. The results are compared with predictions from the statistical associating fluid theory ~SAFT!, and SAFT is shown to give a good estimate for the systems studied. Liquid and vapor coexistence densities and saturation pressure are determined from analysis of GC-TMMC data and the results are found to agree very well with the established literature data. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. @DOI: 10.1063/1.1590313#
140 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the conditions of vapor-phase Si whisker growth were examined, and the role of the surface Gibbs energy in the vapor-liquid-solid process was evaluated, where the mechanism responsible for the catalytic activity of the liquid phase on the tip of Si whiskers was elucidated.
Abstract: The conditions of vapor-phase Si whisker growth are examined, and the role of the surface Gibbs energy in the vapor–liquid–solid process is evaluated. The mechanism responsible for the catalytic activity of the liquid phase on the tip of Si whiskers is elucidated. Experimental surface tension data are used to estimate the driving force acting on the three-phase line of contact upon a displacement of the liquid droplet in the course of whisker growth.
140 citations