scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Surface tension

About: Surface tension is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 25410 publications have been published within this topic receiving 695471 citations.


Papers
More filters
MonographDOI
01 Mar 1999
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive description of the mechanical equilibrium and deformation of membranes as a surface problem in differential geometry is presented, and the results of the investigation into the solution of the equation that have been carried out by the authors.
Abstract: Contains a comprehensive description of the mechanical equilibrium and deformation of membranes as a surface problem in differential geometry. Following the pioneering work by W. Helfrich, the fluid membrane is seen as a nematic or smectic - a liquid crystal film and its elastic enegy form is deduced exactly from the curvature elastic theory of the liquid crystals. With surface variation, the minimization of the energy at the fixed osmotical pressure and surface tension gives a surface equation in geometry that involves potential interest in mathematics. This text presents the results of the investigation into the solution of the equation that have been carried out by the authors.

231 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a statistical expression for the surface tension of a liquid-vapor interface is derived, which contains the density profile and the direct correlation function in the vicinity of the interface.
Abstract: We derive a statistical mechanical expression for the surface tension of a liquid-vapor interface. It contains the density profile and the direct correlation function in the vicinity of the interface. When a local Ornstein-Zernike approximation is made on the direct correlation function, the surface-tension theory of Fisk and Widom is obtained.

231 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two applications of the Phase Chip are presented: first, the phase diagram of a polymer/salt mixture is measured on-chip and validated off-chip, and second, protein crystallization rates are enhanced through the manipulation of the kinetics of nucleation and growth.
Abstract: A microfluidic device denoted the Phase Chip has been designed to measure and manipulate the phase diagram of multicomponent fluid mixtures. The Phase Chip exploits the permeation of water through poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) in order to controllably vary the concentration of solutes in aqueous nanoliter volume microdrops stored in wells. The permeation of water in the Phase Chip is modeled using the diffusion equation, and good agreement between experiment and theory is obtained. The Phase Chip operates by first creating drops of the water/solute mixture whose composition varies sequentially. Next, drops are transported down channels and guided into storage wells using surface tension forces. Finally, the solute concentration of each stored drop is simultaneously varied and measured. Two applications of the Phase Chip are presented. First, the phase diagram of a polymer/salt mixture is measured on-chip and validated off-chip, and second, protein crystallization rates are enhanced through the manipulation of the kinetics of nucleation and growth.

229 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, simple formulas (based on the latest experimental tabulated data) for 11 physical properties of liquid ordinary water substance at saturation state, including saturation pressure, density, volumetric thermal expansion coefficient, specific volume of saturated vapor, specific enthalpy, specific heal, latent heal of vaporization, thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, Prandtl number, and surface tension as a function of temperature are presented.
Abstract: In this communication, simple formulas (based on the latest experimental tabulated data) for 11 physical properties of liquid ordinary water substance at saturation state—saturation pressure, density, volumetric thermal expansion coefficient, specific volume of saturated vapor, specific enthalpy, specific heal, latent heal of vaporization, thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, Prandtl number, and surface tension as a function of temperature (from 0 to 150°C)—which are used in heat transfer calculations for heat exchangers in heating systems and also for many other technological applications, are presented. Also, the uncertainties of these formulas are given. In most practical cases the pressure of liquid water is within the range from 1 to 10 absolute bar, which makes it possible to neglect the effect of pressure. All properties of saturated liquid water calculated with the recommended formulas are tabulated with a temperature increment of 5°.

228 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the pendant drop method was used for high-pressure measurement of the interfacial tension in a two-phase system of water and compressed carbon dioxide. But the experimental error of measurement is smaller than 2%.
Abstract: A novel apparatus, PeDro, for high-pressure measurement of the interfacial tension using the pendant drop method is presented. This apparatus was constructed for accurate measurements in the two-component system of water and compressed carbon dioxide. The main influences on accurate and reproducible results have been investigated, and the results have led to an optimized experimental setup and a quasi-static measuring method. PeDro was calibrated against well-established data for water + air. The experimental error of measurement is smaller than 2%. In this two-phase system measurements were conducted in the ranges (278 to 335) K and (0.1 to 20) MPa. The interfacial tension showed a pronounced dependence on pressure and temperature. A regression function has been found which describes the experimental data in the range investigated with high precision.

228 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Adsorption
226.4K papers, 5.9M citations
85% related
Aqueous solution
189.5K papers, 3.4M citations
84% related
Nanoparticle
85.9K papers, 2.6M citations
82% related
Carbon nanotube
109K papers, 3.6M citations
82% related
Oxide
213.4K papers, 3.6M citations
81% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20231,074
20222,426
2021804
2020816
2019843
2018828