Surprise

About: Surprise is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4371 publications have been published within this topic receiving 99386 citations.

A State of the Art Review on Emotional Speech Databases

Abstract: Thirty-two emotional speech databases are reviewed. Each database consists of a corpus of human speech pronounced under different emotional conditions. A basic description of each database and its applications is provided. The conclusion of this study is that automated emotion recognition on these databases cannot achieve a correct classification that exceeds 50% for the four basic emotions, i.e., twice as much as random selection. Second, natural emotions cannot be easily classified as simulated ones (i.e., acting) can be. Third, the most common emotions searched for in decreasing frequency of appearance are anger, sadness, happiness, fear, disgust, joy, surprise, and boredom.

Toward a More Human Science of the Person

Abstract: This article grew out of my concern that humanistic psychology is having relatively little impact on mainstream psychology in the United States. The major reason seems to be the lack of significant humanistically oriented research. Humanistic psychologists have been dissatisfied with the logical-positivism that is traditional in experimental psychology. I, and others, have for many years insisted on the need for new models of science. To my surprise and delight, a surge of new books and articles in the past five years has been supplying those new models, and I briefly describe a number of them. They all agree that the mechanistic operationalism is one mode of gaining new knowlege, but only one. Under various labels they present new ways, all based on an "indwelling" of the investigator in the feelings, attitudes, and perceptions of those being studied and in the data collected. There is clearly no one best method for all investigations. One must choose the means or model best adapted to the particular que...

The six mistakes executives make in risk management

Abstract: We don’t live in the world for which conventional risk-management textbooks prepare us. No forecasting model predicted the impact of the current economic crisis, and its consequences continue to take establishment economists and business academics by surprise. Moreover, as we all know, the crisis has been compounded by the banks’ socalled risk-management models, which increased their exposure to risk instead of limiting it and rendered the global economic system more fragile than ever.

Discourse ability and brain damage : theoretical and empirical perspectives

Abstract: Nonspecialists are often surprised by the issues studied and the perspectives assumed by basic scientific researchers. Nowhere has the surprise traditionally been greater than in the field of psychology. College students anticipate that their psychology courses will illuminate their personal problems and their friends' per sonalities; they are nonplussed to discover that the perception of geometric forms and the running ofT-mazes dominates the textbooks. The situation is comparable in the domain of linguistics. Nonprofessional observers assume that linguists study exotic languages, that when they choose to focus on their own language, they will examine the meanings of utterances and the uses to which language is put. Such onlookers are taken aback to learn that the learning of remote languages is a marginal activity for most linguists; they are equally amazed to discover that the lion's share of work in the discipline focuses on issues of syntax and phonol ogy, which are virtually invisible to the speaker of a language. Science moves in its own, often mysterious ways, and there are perfectly good reasons why experimental psychologists prefer to look at mazes rather than at madness, and why linguists study syntax rather than Sanskrit. Nonetheless, it is a happy event for all concerned when the interests of professionals and non specialists begin to move toward one another and a field of study comes to address the "big questions" as well as the experimentally most tractable ones. Discourse Ability and Brain Damage reflects this trend in scientific research."