Showing papers on "Switched capacitor published in 1971"
TL;DR: In this paper, the design of bandpass filters for microwave integrated circuits (MICS) utilizing dielectric resonators is discussed, and synthesis methods for both Tschebycheff and Butterworth responses are derived.
Abstract: Design of bandpass filters for microwave integrated circuits (MICS) utilizing dielectric resonators is discussed. Synthesis methods for both Tschebycheff and Butterworth responses are derived. Experimental results with S- and X-band filters are presented, and the agreement between theory and experiments is shown to be fairly good. Limitations on this technique due to poor temperature stability are also discussed.
59 citations
Patent•
13 Dec 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a reference source is AC coupled to a converter for selectively providing both positive and negative reference signals to the converter, and a reference signal potential is selectively applied to a first side of a first capacitor via a sequence of switches and a second side of the first capacitor is selectively connected to a common signal through a return switch.
Abstract: A reference source is AC coupled to a converter for selectively providing both positive and negative reference signals to the converter. A reference signal potential is selectively applied to a first side of a first capacitor via a sequence of switches and a second side of the first capacitor is selectively connected to a common signal through a return switch. A first signal is presented at the second side of the first capacitor when a first switch of the sequence of switches and the return switch are closed. A second signal is presented at the second side of the first capacitor when the first and return switches are opened and a second switch of the sequence of switches is closed. The second signal presented at the second side of the first is the reference signal having a given polarity with respect to the common signal. Automatic zeroing of an offset voltage generated by an integrator and a comparator of the analog to digital converter is provided by a second capacitor serially connected between an input terminal of the integrator and the common signal, the integrator and comparator being connected in a closed loop configuration. A voltage ratio measurement by the analog to digital converter, the ratio of the voltage across a first resistor having a known resistance to the voltage across a second resistor having an unknown resistance, represents the resistance value of the second resistor.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, simulated, reduced voltage and full voltage switching of 230-kV capacitors were performed to explore the transient problem and the nature of the transient, its transfer mechanism to control circuits, how to reduce it at the source, and how to improve immunity of control circuits to the transient.
Abstract: Induced control circuit transients from energizing the first 230-kV shunt capacitor banks at Pinnacle Peak Substation damaged solid-state devices, caused flashovers at terminal blocks and initiated false supervisory control indications. Simulated, reduced voltage and full voltage switching of 230-kV capacitors were performed to explore the transient problem. The nature of the transient, its transfer mechanism to control circuits, how to reduce it at the source, and how to improve immunity of control circuits to the transient were studied. Simulation tests used actual power circuits in an inservice substation, which were impulsed at 20 kV. Reduced voltage tests were made on an isolated system at 30-50% voltage. Full voltage tests were made on a 230-kV interconnected system. Plastic-jacketed and lead- sheathed control cables and copper-braid- shielded coaxial cable specimens in a variety of grounding and shielding techniques were tested. Radio frequency, electromagnetic and electrostatic components of control circuit transients were measured separately. Transients up to 7,500 volts on unshielded cables were indicated, and frequencies-from 6-80 kHz and 0.4-7 MHz were recorded. Power circuit lumped parameter oscillations and distributed parameter propagation and reflection-type transient components were observed. Unshielded control cables were protected by grounding spare conductors and aluminum trench covers, paralleling two No. 4/ 0 bare ground cables, and installing 0.1 ?F bypass capacitors. Switches with 1 602 resistors per phase were used to suppress transients at the source. With these measures, control circuit transients were reduced to 65 volts for energizing 230-kV capacitors on an interconnected system.
5 citations
Patent•
30 Jun 1971
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a circuit system for switches of an automobile in which passive elements are respectively connected between contacts of the switches and a grounding, each of the switch or each group of switches is connected to a signal detecting circuit through one signal line and said signal line is grounded through a contact corresponding to an operative position of a switch or the group of switch and the passive element.
Abstract: A circuit system for switches of an automobile in which passive elements are respectively connected between contacts of the switches and a grounding, each of the switches or each group of the switches is connected to a signal detecting circuit through one signal line and said signal line is grounded through a contact corresponding to an operative position of the switch or the group of switches and the passive element, thereby to transmit a signal corresponding to said operative position of the switch or the group of switches for energizing a load corresponding to said signal. With such a circuit system, the switches can be made much small-sized and the signal line is prevented from being bulky. A possible trouble in a conventional switch system, such as a melting of a contact or a burning of a signal line can be well prevented.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a low inductance 120 kV energy storage module has been developed at the Naval Research Laboratory, which comprises two 60 kV, 1.85?F capacitors operating as a modified Marx-type circuit.
Abstract: A low inductance 120 kV energy storage module has been developed at the Naval Research Laboratory. Fifty of these modules operating in parallel will form the 300 kJ capacitor bank for the fast reversal field of the SWAP experiment. The module comprises two 60 kV, 1.85 ?F capacitors operating as a modified Marx-type circuit. The self-inductance of the module, including the output switch and cable terminations, is approximately 110 nH. This arrangement has the advantage of using 60 kV power supplies, charging circuit and capacitors for a 120 kV capacitor bank and eliminates one of the series fast synchronized switches with a concomitant inductance reduction. The bank construction cost has been drastically reduced by the module physical arrangement. The second stage capacitor is mounted upside down directly on the first stage capacitor. The first stage capacitor therefore acts as both the support and insulator for the second stage capacitor whose case rises to 120 kV above ground at discharge.
2 citations
TL;DR: In the early part of 1968, the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, with whom the authors are associated, began a study to determine the most economical means of switching 230 kV shunt capacitor banks of 84 MVAR each as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In the early part of 1968, the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, with whom the authors are associated, began a study to determine the most economical means of switching 230 kV shunt capacitor banks of 84 MVAR each.
1 citations